The map of nutrition, evident in the structure of any course or textbook, derives from theses that framed a science begun in the 1840s, developed until the 1940s, and consolidated until now. Nutritionists now are as perplexed as the explorers of half a millennium ago, who continued to use maps that did not fit the wider world they found. Until the 1600s, alternatives to Ptolemaic cosmology rema...

The issue of servants’ acts is one the most controversial issues in Islamic thought and helped to sharpen characteristics differences between theological schools, mainly due its relation taklīf responsibility. Therefore, understandings this revealed divine justice wisdom, as well interpretations fate destiny. 
 One noteworthy theories that Ibn ‘Arabī (d. 638/1240) his followers, who attemp...

‘Imperial overstretch’ and the role played by related ideational issues derived from particular liberal tenets United States’ belief in its ‘manifest destiny’ to lead world have been regularly cited as explanations for why ambitious project transform post–Cold War era failed. In this article, I argue that these analyses overlooked a crucial causal factor also impelled States undertake ultimatel...

Theologians abroad have been known to express concern at the apparent lack of interest in contemporary American Protestant thought, which Catholics on this side of the ocean display. If there were this lack of interest, the reasons for it would not be hard to find. American Protestants depend so much on German thinkers that one might as well read the Germans, especially since their theological ...