A fundamental decision for any manufacturer is when to sell to a downstream retailer. A manufacturer can sell either early, i.e., well in advance of the selling season, or late, i.e., close to the selling season. This paper examines the impact of information asymmetry, retailer sales effort, and contract type on the manufacturer’s sale-timing decision. We find that if information is symmetric, ...

In the present day scenario of globalization, the concept of supply chain management (SCM) has gained significance as one of the 21 century manufacturing paradigms for improving organizational competitiveness. In this context, a two level supply chain model is developed considering a single manufacturer and single retailer. The main objective of this research is to demonstrate the optimality of...

We study whether the introduction of a private label could be profitable for retailers and manufacturers. We also investigate if cooperative advertising could be considered a manufacturer’s counterstrategy to the store brand’s harmful effects. The literature that dealt with the issue of private label introduction was mainly concerned with pricing strategies. However, this problem has not been a...

Revenue-sharing contracts are a kind of mechanism aimed at improving performance and achieving precise coordination of the supply chain. In this paper, we analyse and develop the revenue-sharing contract model of the three-level supply chain with distributor’s sales effort dependent demand. The paper discusses the impacts of sales efforts on coordination of the supply chain and explains the rea...

After considering the manufacturer’s production capacity constraints and market preference, this paper presents a closed-loop supply chain of automotive tires which consists remanufacturer, retailer, recycler, where used are collected reused. Based on features tire remanufacturing chain, four Stackelberg models developed to investigate influences carbon tax technology subsidy recycling performa...

When selling electronic products, manufacturers and retailers often o er rebates to stimulate sales. Due to certain adverse e ects, however, some manufacturers and retailers are contemplating the elimination of their rebate programs. This paper sheds light on the debate about the value of rebate programs by presenting a model for evaluating the conditions under which a rm should o er rebates in...

Internet Referral Services, hosted either by independent third-party infomediaries or by manufacturers serve as “lead-generators” in electronic marketplaces, directing consumer traffic to particular retailers. In a model of price dispersion with mixed strategy equilibria, we investigate the competitive implications of these institutions on retailer and manufacturer pricing strategies as well as...

A closed-loop supply chain recovery model with single manufacturer, single retailer and two competitive third-party recyclers is established with the application of game theory. This paper focuses on analyzing the optimal pricing decisions and profits of all the enterprises members in the decentralized structure. Through the analysis of model, the result shows that the manufacturer’s transfer p...

A two-echelon supply chain comprising a single retailer and manufacturer is investigated. The may adopt different demand information sharing strategies. Likewise, the decide to encroach, or not on retailer's space. impact of such decisions expected profits strategies both sides discussed. results reveal that: (1) Sharing hiding can lead encroachment; (2) Under each strategy, there are encroachm...

15 December 2012 We consider the problem of sharing retailer’s demand information in a supply chain with two competing manufacturers selling substitutable products through a common retailer. We consider several scenarios with the manufacturers facing either production diseconomy or economy, and the retailer offering information contracts either concurrently or sequentially to the manufacturers....