The literature on apraxia of speech describes the types and characteristics of phonological errors in this disorder. In general, phonemes affected by errors are described, but the distinctive features involved have not yet been investigated. Objective To analyze the features involved in substitution errors produced by Brazilian-Portuguese speakers with apraxia of speech. Methods 20 adults w...

The paper works in the area of linguistic landscape (hence LL). It concerns with issue how markedness (linguistic and extra-linguistic) is manipulated commercial ads creating dramatic effect on part potential customers hence attract attention product. data study derive from signages social media direct snapshot taken around Mataram Municipal. gathered are then analytically processed by consider...

How do grammars assess the well-formedness of words with multiple phonotactic violations? Certain models predict that as strength restrictions decrease, forms violate should be less acceptable than expected, in a pattern we term super-linear cumulativity. We test this prediction using series Artificial Grammar Learning experiments, which vary number exceptions to patterns artificial languages. ...

Abstract Although Verb-Object (VO) is the basic unmarked constituent order of predicates in Present-Day English, earlier stages language Object-Verb (OV) preferred pattern some syntactic contexts. OV are significantly frequent Old and Middle still attested up to 1550, when they “appear dwindle away” (Moerenhout & van der Wurff 2005: 83). This study looks at Early Modern English (EModE), usi...

Optimality-Theoretic analyses of loanword phonology account for the phonological adaptations seen in loanwords using one of two mechanisms: markedness constraints in the phonology of L1 speakers, and perceptual biases affecting the input. However, while these analyses may be able to account for the synchronic behavior of a single speaker in borrowing a particular loanword, they cannot easily ac...