In Optimality Theory, grandfather effects refer to the phenomena in which a structure that already exist input is allowed surface while same derived (i.e. not input) forbidden. Most studies on this issue focus segmental processes, and only few tonal processes. This study presents data of Laoling regular disyllabic tone sandhi, demonstrates grandfathering effect where some tones are non-derived ...

The article examines the concept of marking interdiscursiveness / intertextuality from standpoint cognitive linguistics, in particular, it defines four terms: a) “interdiscursiveness” is a phenomenon that demonstrates interaction between discourses; an indicator residue discourse previous discourses, which provide kind “preparation “, “raw material” for another discourse; b) “interdiscourse” an...

It is not difficult to derive place assimilation within the framework of previous theories such as classical generative theory, feature geometry, or underspecification theory. This is also true in Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993). For instance, if there is a markedness constraint of the type *HETERORGANICCLUSTER, and faithfulness constraints for place of articulation are ranked bel...

Our study set out to determine the acoustic markedness and potential communicative function of two types of silent pauses that differ in terms of speakers‘ breathing behaviour: (1) pauses with sustained breathing (breathing pauses), and (2) pauses with breath-holds (non-breathing pauses). Our first hypothesis postulates the existence of an articulatory reset in case of a breathing pause and an ...

In this paper I argue that semantic similarity is not the only factor which motivates polysemy patterns cross-linguistically; I also show that these other factors (markedness, distinguishability, etc) may give rise to polysemies which are problematic for established semantic maps. Only when these other interfering factors, both functional and structural, are featured out, does a semantic networ...

The paper examines the issue of indicating lexeme markedness in bilingual dictionaries. Markedness goes beyond denotative meaning lexemes and is considered to be information referring lexical knowledge that must given dictionary user order for their selection adequate communicative situation they might find themselves in. This comprises, example, data on stylistic, temporal, regional units. In ...