In this study, we introduce a set of one-dimensional features to represent two dimensional shape information for HMM (Hidden Markov Model) based handwritten optical character recognition problem. The proposed feature set embeds two-dimensional information into an observation sequence of one-dimensional string, selected from a code-book. It provides a consistent normalization among distinct clas...

Although there are known algorithms for predicting observation and state sequences from HMM models there is little discussion on how to determine the contributions of the different types of HMM parameters to such predictions and consequently, temporal pattern recognition. In this note we discuss and compare a number of objective measures that provide insight into HMM performance in these terms.

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) have been applied extensively to planning in environments where knowledge of an underlying process is confounded by unknown factors[3, 4, 7]. By applying the POMDP architecture to basic recognition tasks, we introduce a novel pattern recognizer that operates under partially observable conditions. This Single Action Partially Observable Mar...

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) have been applied extensively to planning in environments where knowledge of an underlying process is confounded by unknown factors[3, 4, 7]. By applying the POMDP architecture to a basic recognition task, we introduce a novel pattern recognizer that operates under partially observable conditions. This Single Action Partially Observable Ma...

Industrial forecasting is a top-echelon research domain, which has over the past several years experienced highly provocative research discussions. The scope of this research domain continues to expand due to the continuous knowledge ignition motivated by scholars in the area. So, more intelligent and intellectual contributions on current research issues in the accident domain will potentially ...

Understanding human motions can be posed as a pattern recognition problem. Humans express time-varying motion patterns (gestures), such as a wave, in order to convey a message to a recipient. If a computer can detect and distinguish these human motion patterns, the desired message can be reconstructed, and the computer can respond appropriately. This thesis describes an approach to recognize do...

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the technique which enables a machine to automatically recognize the characters or scripts written in the users’ language. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has become one of the most successful applications of technology in the field of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. In this project a scanned image is translated into machine editable t...

Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are commonly defined as stochastic finite state machines. Formally a HMM can be described as a 5-tuple Ω = (Φ,Σ, π, δ, λ). The states Φ, in contrast to regular Markov Models, are hidden, meaning they can not be directly observed. Transitions between states are annotated with probabilities δ, which indicate the chance that a certain state change might occur. These prob...

The intrusion detection technologies of the network security are researched, and the tec<nologies of pattern recognition are used to intrusion detection. lnhusion detection rely on a wide variety of observable data to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate activities. Hidden Markov Model (HMM) has been successfully used in speech recognition and some classification areas. Since Anomaly...