Poor food choices in childhood are core contributors to obesity and chronic diseases during adolescence and adulthood. Food choices and dietary behaviors develop in childhood and are difficult to change in adulthood. Nutrition education in elementary schools can provide children with the information and skills to develop healthy food choices and dietary behaviors. Current approaches for teachin...

Most studies examining influences on parent involvement focus on common demographic factors, such as social class or gender, and on elementary grades. In the present study, we investigated a more malleable influence, perceptions of ability, in the context of middle school. We examined how perceptions held by parents, teachers, and students concerning students’ academic abilities affected parent...

The purpose of this study was to develop and explore the impact of a synchronous peer tutoring system, which integrated a structured peer tutoring strategy with technological advances, for students with learning disabilities (LD). The system provided a learning activity management module for teachers to administer peer tutoring activities, and included various math representation objects, commu...

Physical activity (PA) benefits children's physical and mental health and enhances academic performance. However, in many nations, PA time in school is decreasing under competing pressures for time during the school day. The present paper argues that PA should not be reduced or seen as incompatible with academic learning. Instead, the authors contend that it is critical to develop tools that in...

Individual Citizenship Behavior: The Mediator between Teachers’ Academic Optimism and Students’ Academic Achievement     H. Abbaasiyaan, Ph.D.* M. Rezaaveisi**   It is assumed that students’ academic achievement can improve if teachers’ academic optimism increases. However, this relationship seems to be mediated by individual citizenship behavior. Wi...

President Barack Obama has touted his administration's Race to the Top program and its related menu of competitive-grant programs, while promising in the next decade to help the nation produce 100,000 more science and math teachers. Across the aisle, former Gov. Mitt Romney of Massachusetts has included, as part of his economic plan, a promise to use federal funds to expand school choice and un...

Education reforms in the United States and abroad have increased efforts to improve student interest capacity STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). Despite these attempts, students still little opportunity engage learning K-12 education. This qualitative case study was designed investigate how incorporating into teacher education can promote teaching as well enhance math instruc...

Research over the past twentyve years indicates that gender di erences in math achievement favoring males are not typically found prior to high school. In high school, di erences favoring males are common, particularly in the areas of problem solving and applications. The gender-related di erences in math achievement have been attributed to a number of variables, most notably, di erential cours...