This paper presents the design of CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) with very small transconductance (of order of nano ampere per volt), which uses in very low frequency continuous time filters. This design uses current division technique to reduce the transconductance of OTA. This design is simulated in SPICE tool using 0.25μm technology model file.

The aim of this article is to draw attention to the importance of the electric current loss in the energy output of radio pulsars. We remind that even the losses attributed to the magneto-dipole radiation of a pulsar in vacuum can be written as a result of an Ampere force action of the electric currens flowing over the neutron star surface [1], [2]. It is this force that is responsible for the ...

The influence of contraction type on the human ability to use the torque capacity of skeletal muscle during explosive efforts has not been documented. Fourteen male participants completed explosive voluntary contractions of the knee extensors in four separate conditions: concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC); and isometric at two knee angles (101°, ISO101 and 155°, ISO155). In each condition, to...

The paper is focused on identification and measurement of the main parameters of the stacked supercapacitors (SC). The volt-ampere method was used to measure the charge/discharge characteristic, impedance spectroscopy method for measurement of the equivalent serial resistance and analysis of the dynamic parameters. The measured and calculated parameters are: equivalent serial resistance (ESR), ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the variation in the insertion torque of orthodontic miniscrews according to the screw length, diameter, and shape. MATERIALS AND METHODS The maximum insertion torque (MIT) was measured using a torque tester at a constant speed of 3 rotations per minute. Cylindrical and taper type of miniscrews (Biomaterials Korea Inc, Seoul, Korea) with different lengths, diameters, an...

In planning the optimum treatment for patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD), it is essential to know as much as possible about their functional state. Assessment of the strength of certain muscles is the most direct measure of motor deficiency. In the development of normative data needed for patients with NMD, the use of torque measurements is required. Forty-nine patients (31 men and 18 w...

The synchronous reluctance motor (Sync-RM) is known for its higher reliability, faster dynamic response, efficiency, speed range, power density, and torque per ampere. Consequently, the scope of research into emerging Sync-RMs drive system has been extended. For different kinds mechanical electrical applications, motors are important components any machine or tool. There several types available...

We investigated finger strength and the ability to control digit force/torque production in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) using manipulative tasks with different kinetic redundancies (KNR). Age-related changes in finger strength and finger force/torque control in typically developing (TD) children were also examined to provide a developmental landscape that allows a co...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships among muscle fiber conduction velocity, time-force characteristics of muscle force production, and voluntary movement in patients with hemiplegia. [Subjects and Methods] The participants in the present study were 13 patients with hemiplegia. Muscle fiber conduction velocity, deep temperature of muscles and muscle thickness were me...