there are often duplicated ureter with types of congenital anomalies and associated clinical complications. the unilateral duplicated ureter was observed as an incidence result in usual dissection. during routine dissection of the body of an adult male with middle-aged 40-50 year old, the duality of unilateral incompletely ureter was seen in above. two branches of ureter are coalesce in 7 cm di...

coronary artery anomalies are rare, with their incidence varying from 1 to 5%. angiography is a commonly used modality for the assessment of coronary artery anomalies. based on previous reports, a majority of coronary artery anomalies are of origin or distribution, with separate ostia of the left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery. coronary artery anomalies may cause myocardi...

anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (alcapa) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation. we report three cases of alcapa who survived to adulthood. the first case was a 51-year-old woman who complained of typical chest pain that was diagnosed with alcapa using cardiac catheterization and coronary computed tomographic angiography (cta). the second case was a 30-...

introduction: dentin dysplasia is a rare autosomal dominant inheriting disturbance of dentin formation characterized by normal enamel formation, but atypical dentin with abnormal pulpal morphology. there are two major patterns: type i and type ii. amelogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant. x-link inherent disease that is classified by clinical manifestation into hypoplastic, hypomature, ...

holoprosencephaly is a rare congenital brain malformation resulting from failure of diverticulation and cleavage of primitive prosencephalon which occurs at 4 - 8th week of gestation and is usually associated with multiple midline facial anomalies. it is the most common forebrain developmental anomaly in humans with prevalence of 1/16,000 in live borns, an incidence as high as 1:250 in conceptu...

Abstract Most conventional statistical methods aiming at defining geochemical concentration thresholds for separating anomalies from background have limited effectiveness in areas with complex geological settings and variable lithology. In this paper, median+2MAD as a method of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and concentration-area (C-A) fractal model as two effective approaches in separation g...

Introduction: Infants born with congenital anomalies demand individualized nutritional evaluations and recommendations. The anatomical changes of neonatal surgical diseases create specific physiological constraints.Patients with different congenital anomalies have different nutritional support needs. It is essential to know the exact physiology of these anomalies in order to be able to manage a...

From October 1977 to December 1988, 108 neonates born with esophageal atresia (EA) and/or a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) were treated at the Bristol Royal Hospital for Sick Children. An incidence of I :4000-4500 live births was noted. 1I2.4% had the common- type anomaly, 5.5% had pure esophageal atresia, and 6.5% had an H-type anomaly. 2.8% had upper and lower fistulae and 2.8% had uppe...

theories and the existing studies predict different the relationship between external financing and investing activities and the stock returns. but almost of them predict that there is negative relationship separately between financing and investing activities with stock returns. this study examined the assumption that there is a significantly negative relationship between external financing ac...