The Surviving Sepsis Campaign targets central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, and central venous oxygen saturation as guides for resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation and the use of vasopressors are paramount to the success of the campaign's end points. Although the achievement of supranormal physiologic parameters has been associated with higher mortality in some studies, these slightly ...

BACKGROUND Rabbits are particularly sensitive to develop hypotension during sedation or anaesthesia. Values of systolic or mean non-invasive arterial blood pressure below 80 or 60 mmHg respectively are common under anaesthesia despite an ongoing surgery. A reliable method of monitoring arterial blood pressure is extremely important, although invasive technique is not always possible due to the ...

Systemic arterial blood pressures were measured in 30 dogs with acute babesiosis, 10 each with mild uncomplicated, severe uncomplicated and complicated disease. Ten healthy dogs were used as controls. Hypotension was defined as more than 3 standard deviations below the control mean. Normal mean pressures (+/-SD) were: systolic arterial pressure 151 (+/-11) mm Hg, diastolic arterial pressure 89 ...

How blood was able to reach the heads of the long-necked sauropod dinosaurs has long been a matter of debate and several hypotheses have been presented. For example, it has been proposed that sauropods had exceptionally large hearts, multiple 'normal' sized hearts spaced at regular intervals up the neck or held their necks horizontal, or that the siphon effect was in operation. By means of an e...

Computerised continuous measurement of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and serial cranial ultrasonography in 33 infants of less than 31 weeks' gestation showed that a MAP of less than 30 mm Hg for over an hour was significantly associated with severe haemorrhage, ischaemic cerebral lesions, or death within 48 hours. No severe lesions developed with a MAP greater than or equal to mm Hg.

A real-time non-invasive method for mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) estimation is presented. MAP is estimated by effectively combining two components: one describing the low frequency behaviour and one the fast variations of MAP. The method, developed on 20 volunteers under anaesthesia allows for statistically significant improvement with respect to the standard cuff system. This approach re...

The effects of halothane on preganglionic cervical sympathetic activity and arterial pressure have been measured in intact and spinal cats, one dog and one baboon. The typical response was an early increase in sympathetic discharge as arterial pressure began to fall. Thereafter, although sympathetic activity declined progressively, at the time it regained the control level arterial pressure was...

Estimation of aortic and left ventricular (LV) pressure usually requires measurements that are difficult to acquire during the imaging required to obtain concurrent LV dimensions essential for determination of LV mechanical properties. We describe a novel method for deriving aortic pressure from the aortic flow velocity. The target pressure waveform is divided into an early systolic upstroke, d...

21 Estimation of aortic and left ventricular (LV) pressure usually requires 22 measurements that are difficult to acquire during the imaging required to obtain 23 concurrent LV dimensions essential for determination of LV mechanical 24 properties. We describe a novel method for deriving aortic pressure from the 25 aortic flow velocity. The target pressure waveform is divided into an early systo...

OBJECTIVE The absence of cerebral autoregulation in preterm infants has been associated with adverse outcome, but its bedside assessment in the immature brain is problematic. We used spatially resolved spectroscopy to continuously measure cerebral oxygen saturation (expressed as a tissue-oxygenation index) and used the correlation of tissue-oxygenation index with spontaneous fluctuations in mea...