Melanoma is the most aggressive and treatment-resistant of all human skin cancers responsible for approximately 80% cancer mortalities. Melanoma, initiates within epidermis; during progression, cells invade into dermis become primary metastatic through blood vessels lymphatic system. First develop growth occurs by spreading to their draining nodes via vessels, but mechanism not fully understood...

Dermatological malignancies, such as skin cancer, are the most extensively known kinds of human malignancies in people with fair skin. Despite fact that malignant melanoma is type cancer associated highest mortality rate, non-melanoma tumors unquestionably normal. The frequency both and cancers increasing, number cases being studied increasing at a reasonably regular period, according to Nation...

BACKGROUND Several regions of the genome show pleiotropic associations with multiple cancers. We sought to evaluate whether 181 single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with various cancers in genome-wide association studies were also associated with melanoma risk. METHODS We evaluated 2,131 melanoma cases and 20,353 controls from three studies in the Population Architecture usin...

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, and about 6% of the estimated cancer diagnoses this year will be melanoma cases. Melanomas are derived from transformation of the pigment producing cells of the skin, melanocytes. Early stage melanoma is usually curable by surgical resection, but late stage or subsequent secondary metastatic tumors are treated with some success w...

Both autophagy and apoptosis are essential processes participating in cell death maintain cellular homeostasis. The dysregulation of these two biological results development diseases including cancers. Therefore, targeting nodes crosstalk between is a potential strategy for cancer therapy. Melanoma the most lethal skin accounting over 80% deaths. We previously identified tumor necrosis factor r...

The Markers and Tissue Resources for Melanoma meeting convened by the Cancer Diagnosis Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Specialized Programs of Research Excellence at the Organ Systems Branch of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the Melanoma Research Foundation was held in Gaithersburg, MD on October 2005. The meeting reviewed the current status of biomarkers for earl...

Melanoma is a very aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression of targeted gene(s). The hallmark of cancer model outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg offers a meaningful framework to consider the roles of microRNAs in melanoma development and progression. In this systematic review of the literature, we associate what ...

Malignant melanoma is the major cause of skin cancer-related deaths. Surgery in combination with radiotherapy, immunotherapy or chemotherapy used to eradicate cancer cells, however, this treatment option limited by tolerance surrounding healthy tissue. The extracts from Galenia africana have been shown possess anti-cancer flavonoid compounds and can be a safer cost-effective alternative treatme...

The mechanisms by which melanoma and other cancer cells evade anti-tumor immunity remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that the growth of tumors formed by mutant Braf(V600E) mouse melanoma cells in an immunocompetent host requires their production of prostaglandin E2, which suppresses immunity and fuels tumor-promoting inflammation. Genetic ablation of cyclooxygenases (COX) or prostagl...

Early detection of melanoma is a vital determinant in achieving favorable prognosis and patient outcomes which led to innovations skin imaging modalities that improved the diagnostic accuracy early melanoma. Studies reported cancer its stages using dermoscopy reflectance confocal microscopy, however there are limited reports detecting micro-melanomas less than 2-mm diameter. Previously, smalles...