for banks and financial institutions, credit risk had been an essential factor that needed to be managed well. credit risk was the possibility that a borrower of counter party would fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. credit risk; therefore arise from the bank’s dealings with or lending to corporate, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions.  credit risk...

By a \tree-bank grammar" we mean a context-free grammar created by reading the production rules directly from hand-parsed sentences in a tree bank. Common wisdom has it that such grammars do not perform well, though we know of no published data on the issue. The primary purpose of this paper is to show that the common wisdom is wrong. In particular we present results on a tree-bank grammar base...

and Headnote We put “runs” back in the bank runs literature. A unified bank, one that invests in both liquid and illiquid assets, can easily avoid runs but it still faces a small probability of non-run rationing of depositors. In a separated financial system, the bank only holds relatively liquid assets; it is subject to runs with small probability, but because of its overinvestment in the liqu...

The presence of moral hazard in the banking sector can have worrying results. This paper examines the role of government guarantees to banks in generating moral hazard in Iran. We test for moral hazard among bank creditors by determining whether protected banks received more funds from creditors than non-protected banks. Empirically, to determine the existence of moral hazard among bank manag...

Background: Organizational health is one of the basic concepts in the organization and has a direct and close relationship with the growth of moral values ​​in the organization. Both of these components grow in different contexts, including organizational culture. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to model the set of cultural factors that are effective in creating health and growth of m...

Objective: The survival of today's organizations in the competitive business environment requires recognizing factors affecting productivity. On one hand, improving the relationship between the leader and his followers has a significant role in improving the efficiency of the organization; on the other hand, the existence of envy at the workplace is one of the intangible factors affecting labor...

We study the Diamond-Dybvig [3] model as developed in Green and Lin [5] and Peck and Shell [7]. We dispense with the notion of a bank as a coalition of depositors. Instead, our bank is a self-interested agent with a technological advantage in recordkeeping. We examine the implications of the resulting agency problem for the design of bank contracts and the possibility of bank-run equilibria. Fo...

the purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of the timing of bank failure/merger in 10 asian countries over the period of 1999-2007 using a multivariate logit model and a split population duration analysis. apart from bank-specific information, we also focus on the effects of macroeconomic and financial characteristics. the following empirical findings are obtained. first, the resu...

Conglomerates, trade credit arrangements and banks are all instances of financial intermediation. However, in spite of this fundamental similarity, important differences exist between these institutions. In particular, they differ in the extent to which the projects financed absorb aggregate intermediary risk, in whether or not intermediation is carried out by a financial specialist, in the typ...