[1] Mantle dynamics can strongly affect melting processes beneath spreading centers and volcanic arcs. A 2-D numerical model of the Tonga subduction zone, with the slab viscously coupled to the mantle beneath the brittleductile transition but faulted above, shows that induced corner flow may cause asymmetric melting at the Lau backarc spreading center, 400 km away. The down-going slab also entr...

The melting behavior of 0.1–10-nm-thick discontinuous indium films formed by evaporation on amorphous silicon nitride is investigated by an ultrasensitive thin-film scanning calorimetry technique. The films consist of ensembles of nanostructures for which the size dependence of the melting temperature and latent heat of fusion are determined. The relationship between the nanostructure radius an...

Wild-type potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants and their transformants harboring agrobacterial rolB or rolC genes under control of the patatin class I promoter were cultured in vitro. These plants were used as a source of single-node stem cuttings. The structure of native starch in tubers formed on cuttings was determined using methods of X-ray scattering and differential scanning microcalorime...

A method to determine experimentally the melting rate, rm, and the heat transfer coefficients, αv (W/(mK)), at convective melting in a fixed bed of particles under adiabatic regime is established in this paper. The method lies in the determining of the melting rate by measuring the fixed bed height in time. Experimental values of rm, α and α v were determined using cylindrical particles of ice ...

Ice flow at a location in the equilibrium zone of the west-central Greenland Ice Sheet accelerates above the midwinter average rate during periods of summer melting. The near coincidence of the ice acceleration with the duration of surface melting, followed by deceleration after the melting ceases, indicates that glacial sliding is enhanced by rapid migration of surface meltwater to the ice-bed...

Effective control of melting and solidification behaviours of materials is significant for numerous applications. It has been a long-standing challenge to increase the melted zone (MZ) depth while shrinking the heat-affected zone (HAZ) size during local melting and solidification of materials. In this paper, nanoparticle-induced unusual melting and solidification behaviours of metals are report...

The melting transition of bulk and confined Stockmayer fluids (μ = 1) is analyzed using molecular dynamic simulations. The solid−liquid coexistence temperature is evaluated using a modified three-stage pseudosupercritical transformation path. The bulk melting temperature calculated using the aforementioned method agrees well with the literature value. Melting temperatures of the Stockmayer flui...

Melting point depression was used as an index of the water potential of rat tissues and serum. Organs removed from anesthetized rats were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground with mortar and pestle. Aliquots of the resulting frozen powder were suspended in chilled liquid silicone. While the suspension was vigorously stirred and warmed at a constant rate, the temperature of the melti...

Batch melting of ascending mantle can be approximated as an isentropic process, since on the time scale of melting heat flow into or out of source regions will typically be negligible and the process is slow enough to be close to reversible. Similarly, fractional fusion can be idealized as a series of incremental isentropic melting steps, although the entropy of the residue decreases in each st...

High-pressure melting anchors the phase diagram of a material, revealing the effect of pressure on the breakdown of the ordering of atoms in the solid. An important case is molybdenum, which has long been speculated to undergo an exceptionally steep increase in melting temperature when compressed. On the other hand, previous experiments showed nearly constant melting temperature as a function o...