OBJECTIVE Return-to-play (RTP) decisions are a central component of the Team Physician's clinical work, yet there is little more than anecdotal reference to these in the literature. We recently published a 3-step model for return-to-play medical decision making and, in the current paper, undertook a systematic review of the literature to determine the level of evidence in support of this model....

OBJECTIVE To explore the factors that influence attitudes and beliefs about the effects of body weight and physical activity on health. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey using a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire. SETTING The survey was conducted between March and April 1997 in the 15 member states of the EU. SUBJECTS Approximately 1000 adults aged 15 years plus from each country w...

Dr A. Bener and colleagues have reported socio-demographic risk factors associated with low birthweight in United Arab Emirates by conducting a case-control study. In a case-control study, individuals selected as controls should not only be free of the study disease, but should also be similar to the cases in regard to past potential for exposure during the time period of risk under considerati...

BACKGROUND To analyze the clinicopathologic factors associated with mucosal and submucosal infiltration in differentiated depressed early gastric cancer, and screening factors that can predict depth of infiltration before endoscopic treatment. METHODS The study included 35 cases of mucosal carcinomas and 66 cases of submucosal carcinomas according to the pathological diagnosis. The relevant c...

In this article the differences between blood bank 8...'1d normal blood is shown. The danger of massive blood transfusion specially in shocked patient is discussed. The importance of warm blood, correction of acidosis with ventilation and bicarbonate, and the use of fresh plasma to compensate the reduction of coagulation factors are mentioned. The value of acid­phosphaite-dexterose (APD) as sto...

Language production often happens in a visual context, for example when a speaker describes a picture. This raises the question whether visual factors interact with conceptual factors during linguistic encoding. To address this question, we present an eye-tracking experiment that manipulates visual clutter (density of objects in the scene) and animacy in a sentence production task using natural...

tetanus is an important disease which created by tetanospasmin toxin of clostridium tetani. in this study we surveyed six important factors including lf, kf, mld, ph, od and total protein assay of harvard 52 (h52), g5 (hg5) and 49205 (h49205) strains of the bacterium to determine which of them were more suitable for use in vaccine production. the mentioned strains were seperatedly reactivated i...

Dear Editor, I read the recent report on pregnancy, epilepsy and quality of life with a great interest. Lunardi et al. concluded that “pregnancy could be interpreted as a stressor and “In late pregnancy when this stressor was removed, women with epilepsy had improvement in their quality of life.” There are several concerns on this work. First, few subjects with imbalance controls might mean bia...