The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between bilingualism and phonological awareness by re-evaluating structural sensitivity theory and expanding cross-language transfer theory. The study was conducted with three groups of 1st and 2nd graders matched in age, SES and non-verbal IQ: a) monolingual English-speaking children from a general education program, b) native Japanese-...

PURPOSE This study examined the relation between African American preschoolers' use of African American English (AAE) and their language and emergent literacy skills in an effort to better understand the perplexing and persistent difficulties many African American children experience learning to read proficiently. METHOD African American preschoolers' (n = 63) vocabulary skills were assessed ...

This paper deals with the skills related to the early reading acquisition in two countries that share language. Traditionally on reading readiness research there is a great interest to find out what factors affect early reading ability, but differ from other academic skills that affect general school learnings. Furthermore, it is also known how the influence of pre-reading variables in two coun...

Awareness of stuttering is likely to depend upon the development metalinguistic skill discriminate between fluent speech and ability identify one’s own as or stuttered. Presently, little known about these abilities in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). This study investigates whether DS typically developing (TD) children who stutter do not differ their stuttering. The second purpose this disc...

Abstract In this paper I argue that metalinguistic negotiations are not as common David Plunkett and Timothy Sundell assume. They make two related controversial claims: the claim speakers don’t know what they say directly communicate contents. These claims generate challenges metalinguistic-negotiation view should meet. Firstly, it clarify why oblivious to saying communicating, secondly, explai...

This paper examines students’ perspectives on the challenges raised by their first encounter with EMI pedagogy in higher education. The research was conducted a group of beginner students no previous experience monolingual instruction English. case studied is based two English Cultural Studies subject courses Program at Spanish university and taught learning environment total linguistic immersi...