Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a practical review of metal working fluids and their implications to the machining practice. Despite their widespread use and applications, there are several scientific and economic factors that call for an investigation of current practices and development of new approaches. Design/methodology/approach – There are numerous methods that diverge ...

In a household appliance plant, several rinse-free lubricating fluids have been used instead of neat mineral oils since 1994: mixtures of isoparaffinic hydrocarbons with 9 to 14 carbons per molecule. As such they denature keratin, irritate and defat the skin, and remove water from it. Work gloves have been worn over plastic gloves and separate, reusable, cotton inner gloves have been added to a...

Whole glove testing for a metalworking fluid (MWF) in the field was performed for the first time. Green latex gloves used in a machine shop were exposed for 20 min to MWF. The permeated amount (1.0 +/- 0.5 microg/cm(2)) was higher than the threshold (0.25 microg/cm(2)) for the ASTM F739-99a closed-loop normalized breakthrough time.

The antimicrobial effects of diethanolamine, dimethylamino-methyl-propanol, and butylethanolamine are greatly enhanced at high pH. Their antimicrobial activities are closely correlated with their uncharged forms, indicating that diffusion through cell membrane(s) is rate limiting for the antimicrobial action. Since these compounds are selectively toxic at high pH, they are appropriate antimicro...

OBJECTIVES This study examined how ethanolamines (EAs) with the same functional alcohol group (HOCH(2)CH(2)), such as mono-EA (MEA), di-EA (DEA), and tri-EA (TEA), in water-based metalworking fluids (wbMWFs) are vaporized, condensed, and transformed by heat generated during metalworking. METHODS Two types of experimental apparatus were manufactured to achieve these objectives. RESULTS Vapor...