The density of human rhodopsin in the rods has been estimated psych~hysically by following the change in the relative quantum sensitivity for rod vision at two wavelengths (one near the peak, the other far off on the long wave tail of the action spectrum) in the dark after a full rhodopsin bleach in a region of a typical R‘~ monochromat’s retina where cones make no contribution to threshold. Me...

CIE colorimetry was introduced 65 years ago to describe the colorimetric properties of coloured lights and signals. Soon after establishment it turned out that it is most capable to describe the colorimetry of reflective media and is now widely applied in all branches of the colouring industries (e.g. in the textile, paper and automotive industry), where the aim is to produce as far as possible...

A new algorithm for evaluating metamer mismatch volumes is introduced. Unlike previous methods, the proposed method places no restrictions on the set of possible object reflectance spectra. Such restrictions lead to approximate solutions for the mismatch volume. The new method precisely characterizes the volume in all circumstances. Introduction Two objects (surface reflectances) of the same co...

A new algorithm for evaluating metamer mismatch volumes is introduced. Unlike previous methods, the proposed method places no restrictions on the set of possible object reflectance spectra. Such restrictions lead to approximate solutions for the mismatch volume. The new method precisely characterizes the volume in all circumstances. Introduction Two objects (surface reflectances) of the same co...

Arthropods typically show two types of segmentation: the embryonic parasegments and the adult segments that lie out of register with each other. Such a dual nature of body segmentation has not been described from Onychophora, one of the closest arthropod relatives. Hence, it is unclear whether onychophorans have segments, parasegments, or both, and which of these features was present in the las...