The effect of the antidiabetic drug metformin on tumor growth was investigated using the paired isogenic colon cancer cell lines HCT116 p53 and HCT116 p53 / . Treatment with metformin selectively suppressed the tumor growth of HCT116 p53 / xenografts. Following treatment with metformin, we detected increased apoptosis in p53 / tumor sections and an enhanced susceptibility of p53 / cells to unde...

AIM To assess factors associated with the higher effect of metformin on mortality in diabetic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, since the factors related to the effectiveness of metformin have not been identified yet. METHODS Between January 2000 and December 2010, 413 patients diagnosed with both stage 3/4 CRC and diabetes mellitus were identified. Patients' demographics and clinical charact...

BACKGROUND Dolutegravir is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) licensed for use in HIV-1 infection and is an inhibitor of organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2). This study assessed the effect of dolutegravir on the pharmacokinetics of metformin, an OCT2 substrate. DESIGN This was an open-label, parallel-group, 3-period crossover study in healthy adult subjects. Subjects were enrolled...

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Potential kidney protective effects of metformin, might have synergistic effect with some other antioxidants such as medicinal plants. Hypothesis Please cite this paper as: Rafieian-Kopaei M, Baradaran A. Combination of metformin with other antioxidants may increase its renoprotective efficacy. Hypothesis R ecently, much attenti...

OBJECTIVE We investigated if metformin lowers breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with women who used other antidiabetic medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We followed a cohort of 66 778 female patients with diabetes for a maximum of 12 years (median 6 years). We examined breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk, and the compo...

Bogachus LD, Turcotte LP. Genetic downregulation of AMPKisoforms uncovers the mechanism by which metformin decreases FA uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 299: C1549–C1561, 2010. First published September 15, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00279.2010.—Metformin is known to improve insulin sensitivity in part via a rise in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acti...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of linagliptin in initial combination with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS This 1-year randomised, double-blind study was an extension of a 6-month randomised controlled trial, in which adults with type 2 diabetes received one of six treatment regimens (linagliptin 2.5 mg plus metformin 500 mg bid, linagliptin 2.5 mg plus metf...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate, in a randomized clinical trial, the effects of metformin immediate release (IR) compared with metformin extended release (XR) on the gastrointestinal tolerability and glycemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 253 Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes not well controlled by diet (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] >7.0% and <8.5%). Patient...

BACKGROUND Metformin alleviates hyperglycemia of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by inhibiting hepatic glucose production and improving peripheral insulin sensitivity. In contrast to sulfonylureas, metformin does not stimulate insulin-secretion, promote weight gain, exacerbate hyperinsulinemia, or cause hypoglycemia. It also favorably affects serum lipids. METHODS A comprehens...

Suwa, Masataka, Toru Egashira, Hiroshi Nakano, Haruka Sasaki, and Shuzo Kumagai. Metformin increases the PGC-1 protein and oxidative enzyme activities possibly via AMPK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle in vivo. J Appl Physiol 101: 1685–1692, 2006. First published August 10, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00255.2006.— AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which was activated by an antihyperglyc...