We present two-dimensional, cylindrically symmetric simulations of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wide-angle winds interacting with a collapsing environment. These simulations have direct relevance to young stellar objects (YSOs). The results may also be of use in the study of collimated outflows from proto-planetary and planetary nebulae. We study a range of wind configurations con...

BACKGROUND Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients reportedly display reduced daily physical activity (DPA) and physical performance. Low daily physical activity and decreased physical performance are each associated with worse outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. Although daily physical activity and physical performance might be expected to be related, few studies have examined such re...

We present a study of the multiscaling of time-dependent velocity and magnetic-field structure functions in homogeneous, isotropic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in three dimensions. We generalize the formalism that has been developed for analogous studies of time-dependent structure functions in fluid turbulence to MHD. By carrying out detailed numerical studies of such time-dependent st...

It is shown theoretically and computationally that helical magnetic field, produced by continuous winding helical coils and without the toroidal coil, can sustain MHD stable high beta plasma. Pressure driven toroidal current (bootstrap current) cancels the external magnetic field and reduces the MHD potential energy, depending on the plasma beta values. Ramp-up of heating power input induces bo...

It is known that symmetries inherent in the statistical theory of ideal (i.e., nondissipative) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are broken dynamically to produce coherent structure. Previous numerical investigations are extended to study decaying MHD turbulence. Here, we find that coherent structure also arises and persists in the presence of dissipation. Thus, the magnetic dynamo may be du...

Although a large number of drugs have been used to treat chronic hepatitis C (CHC), there still remains a great challenge to treat maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with chronic hepatitis C. To clarify the immunnoloregulation of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in MHD patients with CHC, DFPP was performed in 20 MHD patients with CHC (HCV-antibody positive, serum HCV RNA >500 IU/ml ...

Abstract. We establish a variational framework for nonlinear instabilities in a setting of the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. We apply a variational method to various kind of smooth steady states which are shown to be nonlinearly unstable for both incompressible and compressible ideal MHD equations. Destabilizing effect of compressibility is justified as well as stabilizing effect o...

Impulse formulations of Hall magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations are developed. The Lagrange invariance of a generalized magnetic helicity is established for Hall MHD. The physical implications of this Lagrange invariant are discussed. The discussion is then extended to compressible Hall MHD. Compressibility effects are show not to affect, as to be expected, the physical implications of the gen...

Background Cardiac gating in ultra high field (UHF) MRI is a challenging task due to the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect [1]. The MHD effect is particularly severe at such field strengths and severely distorts the electrocardiogram (ECG). State-of-the-art ECG based gating methods which use the vectorcardiogram (VCG) [2] are thus prone to errors [1]. This work presents an approach which separat...