Recently, a Sendai virus (SeV) model of chronic obstructive lung disease has demonstrated an innate immune response in mouse airways that exhibits similarities to the chronic airway inflammation in human chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, but the effect on distal lung parenchyma has not been investigated. The aim of our study is to image the time course and regional distri...

The posterior statistical distributions of fatigue strength are determined using Bayesian inferential statistics and the Metropolis Monte Carlo method. This study explores how structural heterogeneity affects ultrahigh cycle in additive manufacturing. methods procedures may assist estimate posteriors scatter. acceptable probability relies on Markov chain's random microstructure state. In additi...

The unusual properties of many multifunctional materials originate from a structural phase transformation and consequent martensitic microstructure. Phase-field models are typically used to predict the formation of microstructural patterns and subsequent evolution under applied loads. However, formulating a phase-field energy with the correct equilibrium crystal structures and that also respect...

Superalloys are metallic alloys used for high temperature applications such as encountered in the aircraft industry and where resistance to deformation is a primary requirement. Alloy 718 and waspaloy are few examples of Nickel-base superalloys that resist deformation at elevated temperatures and are therefore difficult to hot work. The major hotworking operations are forging, extrusion, and ro...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of kidney function with white matter microstructural integrity. METHODS We included 2,726 participants with a mean age of 56.6 years (45% men) from the population-based Rotterdam Study. Albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), using serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) and creatinine (eGFRcr), were measured to evaluate kidney...

The presence of impurities in aluminum alloys is of great interest with respect to microstructural properties, specifically, the effect of solute on texture and anisotropy. This paper presents new evidence of the pronounced effect of solute drag based on in-situ annealing and Electron Backscatter Diffraction experiments of Zr-rich Al alloys subject to prior strain. A compensation effect was fou...

In Diffusion Weighted MR Imaging (DWI), the signal is affected by the biophysical properties of neuronal cells and their relative placement, as well as extra-cellular tissue compartments. Typically, microstructural indices, such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), are based on a tensor model that cannot disentangle the influence of these parameters. Recently, Neurite Orient...

The hypothesis that conodonts are vertebrates rests solely on evidence of soft tissue anatomy. This has been corroborated by microstructural, topological and developmental evidence of homology between conodont and vertebrate hard tissues. However, these conclusions have been reached on the basis of evidence from highly derived euconodont taxa and the degree to which they are representative of p...