Four WIN compounds with anti-picornavirus activities were tested for their ability to stabilize human rhinovirus serotype 2 (HRV-2) against low pH-induced conformational changes in vitro, as determined by specific immunoprecipitation. These results were compared to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as measured in a plaque reduction assay. A direct relationship was observed between the ...

Staphylococcus aureus remains the major cause of morbidity of bovine mastitis worldwide leading to massive economic losses. Cefquinome is a fourth generation cephalosporin, which preserves susceptibility and antibacterial activity against S. aureus. This work aims to study the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling following intramammary administration of cefquinome against S. a...

There is disagreement in the literature as to whether lincomycin is primarily a bacteriostatic or a bactericidal agent against gram-positive cocci and also regarding the levels of activity of this agent against susceptible microorganisms. These questions were examined in a study of the effect of inoculum size on the results of tube dilution susceptibility determinations with lincomycin against ...

The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of gallium maltolate (GaM) against Rhodococcus equi. A total of 98 virulent bacterial isolates from equine clinical cases were examined, of which 19 isolates were known to be resistant to macrolides and rifampin. Isolates were cultured with various concentrations of GaM and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) va...

The aim of this chapter is to evaluate the contribution of antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to adjust dosing regimens in achieving control of infections using pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to define the antimicrobial exposures that are necessary to maximise bactericidal activity and to inhibit bacterial growth. Robustness data exist for some antimicrobial agents...

This study compares the inhibitory effect of ceftizoxime with that of penicillin G, chloramphenicol, cephalothin, cephalexin and cefzoline on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas ruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus saprophyticus and Escherichia coli. The in vitro inhibitory effect of ceftizoxime on P. mirabilis, P. Aeruginosa, S.prophytic...

A clear understanding of the pharmacodynamic properties of antifungal agents is important for the adequate treatment of fungal infections like candidiasis. For certain antifungal agents, the determination of Minimal Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) and time kill curve could be clinically more relevant than the determination of the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). In this study, MIC and MFC...

The antibacterial activity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a catechin, against 53 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was evaluated and expressed as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC50 and MIC90 of the strains were found be 64 and 126 micrograms/ml, respectively by the microdilution method. A time-kill study using an isolate showed that EGCg...

American foulbrood caused by Paenibacillus larvae brings with it several problems on beekeepers for the use of synthetic antibiotics, likewise led to appearance resistant strains and presence chemical residues in commercial products hive. In recent years, natural compounds control P. has increased. Herein, we propose determine value Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) a hydroalcoholic extrac...

This study elucidated the role of boeravinone B, a NorA multidrug efflux pump inhibitor, in biofilm inhibition. The effects of boeravinone B plus ciprofloxacin, a NorA substrate, were evaluated in NorA-overexpressing, wild-type, and knocked-out Staphylococcus aureus (SA-1199B, SA-1199, and SA-K1758, respectively). The mechanism of action was confirmed using the ethidium bromide accumulation and...