Several studies have investigated the association between abnormal microRNA-10b expression and the risk of various developing cancers, but the results are inconsistent. We searched all publications addressing the level of microRNA-10b expression in cancer cases and noncancerous controls (Accessed: August 2014). Thirty-six studies on 14 types of cancer were included. Among them, 25 studies were ...

AIMS The inflammatory responses of monocytes/macrophages and the stimulation of lipid uptake into these cells by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are critical to the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that many microRNAs play important roles in the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation that accompany inflammatory responses. H...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity that is an excellent model for the molecular mechanisms that underlie memory. LTP, like memory, is persistent, and both are widely believed to be maintained by a coordinated genomic response. Recently, a novel class of non-coding RNA, microRNA, has been implicated in the regulation of LTP. MicroRNA negatively regulate protein synthes...

RATIONALE Viral myocarditis results from an adverse immune response to cardiotropic viruses, which causes irreversible myocyte destruction and heart failure in previously healthy people. The involvement of microRNAs and their usefulness as therapeutic targets in this process are unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify microRNAs involved in viral myocarditis pathogenesis and susceptibility. METHODS A...

Hepatic cancer is one of the important malignant tumors in digestive system. MicroRNAs regulate cell growth and other cell behaviors through signaling pathway. This study investigated the role of microRNA-497 on LM3 cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. MicroRNA-497 and scramble microRNA (miRNA) were synthetized and transfected to hepatic cancer cell line LM3 using lipofectamine. LM3 ce...

MicroRNAs are short, noncoding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Although many functions of microRNAs in plants and animals have been revealed in recent years, the transcriptional mechanism of microRNA genes is not well-understood. To elucidate the transcriptional regulation of microRNA genes, we study and characterize, in a genome scale, the promoters of i...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly diverse disease characterized by various cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that show variable expression during myeloid differentiation. MicroRNA expression in marrow blasts in 215 cases of newly diagnosed and (cyto)genetically defined AML was assessed using quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain rea...

MicroRNA duplices are separated into a guide and a passenger strand. By convention, the guide represents the active microRNA while the passenger is supposedly degraded. However, passenger strands also emerge as active microRNAs. It is unknown whether the guide-to-passenger-strand ratio can be actively regulated and which factors influence strand incorporation into the RISC. Here, we identify a ...

MicroRNAs are predicted to regulate thousands of mammalian genes, but relatively few targets have been experimentally validated and few microRNA loss-of-function phenotypes have been assigned. As an alternative to chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides, we developed microRNA inhibitors that can be expressed in cells, as RNAs produced from transgenes. Termed ‘microRNA sponges’, these com...

MicroRNAs are short, endogenous RNAs that direct posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression vital for many developmental and cellular functions. Implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, this group of RNAs provides interesting targets for therapeutic intervention. Anti-microRNA oligonucleotides constitute a class of synthetic antisense oligonucleotides used to interfere w...