introduction: neurodegenerative diseases are progressive disorders that could impair neuronal functions and structures. oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease and etc. gemfibrozil is used as a therapeutic drug for hyperlipidemia. it has been shown that gemfibrozil is neuroprotecti...

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in the brains of AD patients is thought to be closely related to neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Therefore, protecting mitochondria from Aβ-induced neurotoxicity is an effective strategy for AD therapeutics. In a previous study, we fou...

Emerging line research showed that silk nanoparticles (NPs) have toxicity on the fibroblastand Huvec cells without any toxicity recognized mechanisms. Recently, it suggested peripheralarterial disease confounds almost eight million Americans. Also, due to the main effect offibroblast in a production of extracellular matrix (ECM), adhesive molecules, glycoproteinsand various cytokines, it decide...

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in classical target tissues such as muscle, fat, and liver. Using a murine model of type 2 diabetes, we show that there is hypothalamic insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction due to downregulation of the mitochondrial chaperone HSP60. HSP60 reduction in obese, diabetic mice was due to a lack of proper...

Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with dendritic pathology in many neuronal types, how mitochondrial impairment causes the vulnerability of neuronal subtypes remains unknown. In this issue, Tsuyama et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201604065) identify eIF2α phosphorylation as a critical regulator of mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated selective dendriti...

metabolic myopathies are genetically inherited disorders of muscle energy production that result in skeletal muscle dysfunction. they are a large group of diseases with diverse inborn errors of metabolism, in particular muscle energy production, and including disorders of glycogen (lysosomal and non-lysosomal glycogenoses), lipid (disorders of fatty acid b-oxidation, primary carnitine deficienc...

BACKGROUND Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which are used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and have been associated with lipoatrophy. The effects of this mitochondrial dysfunction on lipid metabolism, at a molecular level in vivo, have not been described. METHODS We examined early changes (by 2 weeks after initiati...

Bioenergetic dysfunction, although central to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, remains uncharacterized in many patient populations because of the invasiveness of obtaining tissue for mitochondrial studies. Although platelets are an accessible source of mitochondria, the role of bioenergetics in regulating platelet function remains unclear. Herein, we validate extracellular flux analysis i...

Understanding mitochondrial role in normal physiology and pathological conditions has proven to be of high importance as mitochondrial dysfunction is connected with a number of disorders as well as some of the most common diseases (e.g. diabetes or Parkinson's disease). Modeling mitochondrial dysfunction has been difficult mainly due to unique features of mitochondrial genetics. Here we discuss...