Acrylic acid (AA) is used widely in the synthesis of esters essential in the production of paints, adhesives, plastics, and coatings. The minimal systemic toxicity of AA is attributed to its rapid oxidation to acetyl-CoA and CO2 via the vitamin B12-independent beta-oxidation pathway. This oxidation is localized to the mitochondria and preliminary evidence suggests a possible inhibition of mitoc...

Mitochondria play a key role in determining cell fate during exposure to stress. Their role during ischemia/reperfusion is particularly critical because of the conditions that promote both apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway and necrosis by irreversible damage to mitochondria in association with mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). MPT is caused by the opening of permeability transit...

Mitochondria play a key role in determining cell fate during exposure to stress. Their role during ischemia/reperfusion is particularly critical because of the conditions that promote both apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway and necrosis by irreversible damage to mitochondria in association with mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). MPT is caused by the opening of permeability transit...

Lemasters, John J. Mechanisms of Hepatic Toxicity. V. Necrapoptosis and the mitochondrial permeability transition: shared pathways to necrosis and apoptosis. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G1–G6, 1999.—Opening of a high-conductance pore conducting solutes of molecular mass ,1,500 Da causes onset of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Cyclosporin A blocks thi...

Kim, Jae-Sung, Yingai Jin, and John J. Lemasters. Reactive oxygen species, but not Ca overloading, trigger pHand mitochondrial permeability transition-dependent death of adult rat myocytes after ischemia-reperfusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290: H2024 –H2034, 2006. First published January 6, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00683.2005.—We investigated the role of pH, reactive oxygen species (...

Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a chlorination by-product in finished drinking water and a toxic metabolite of a wide variety of industrial chemicals (e.g. vinyl chloride) and chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide). In this research, the cytotoxic mechanisms of CAA in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were investigated.CAA cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen spec...

Korge, Paavo, Henry M. Honda, and James N. Weiss. Regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition by matrix Ca and voltage during anoxia/reoxygenation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 280: C517–C526, 2001.—We studied the interplay between matrix Ca concentration ([Ca]) and mitochondrial membrane potential (Dc) in regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) during anoxia and ...

An early event in the induction of apoptosis is cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from mitochondria. We investigated the involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) and mitochondrial swelling in Cyt c release from mitochondria treated with alloxan and/or calcium (Ca). When mitochondria were treated with a high concentration of Ca alone or Ca with alloxan (alloxan-Ca), the MPT was acco...

in this research, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanisms of one of the widely used pharmaceuticals that are regularly associated with the adverse effects on the liver, sometimes leading to acute liver failure, diclofenac. diclofenac liver cytotoxicity was associated with reactive oxygen species (ros) formation and lipid peroxidation which were inhibited by antioxidants and ros scavengers, fer...

Acrylic acid (AA) is used widely in the synthesis of esters essential in the production of paints, adhesives, plastics, and coatings. The minimal systemic toxicity of AA is attributed to its rapid oxidation to acetyl-CoA and CO2 via the vitamin B12-independent beta-oxidation pathway. This oxidation is localized to the mitochondria and preliminary evidence suggests a possible inhibition of mitoc...