Background is provided for the experimentally detailed contributions concerning the structure, distribution and function of V-ATPase-based ion pumps in insect epithelia. The mode of action of an insecticidal bacterial protein, which is dependent upon the V-ATPase-energized state in larval lepidopteran midgut for activity, is discussed.

The main function of vacuolar H(+)-ATPases in eukaryotic cells is to generate proton and electrochemical gradients across the membranes of the vacuolar system. The enzyme is composed of a catalytic sector with five subunits (A-E) and a membrane sector containing at least two subunits (a and c). We disrupted two genes of this enzyme, in yeast cells, one encoding a subunit of the membrane sector ...

The aim of this study was to derive new starter culture variants that are unable to grow below pH 4.6, the desirable pH of the Thai fermented pork sausage, Nham, specified by Thailand Food Standard, and apply them in Nham fermentation. Several acid-sensitive mutants of one of the commercial Nham starter cultures, Lactobacillus plantarum BCC 9546, were isolated as spontaneous neomycin-resistant ...

Boswellia sacra (Burseraceae), a keystone endemic species, is famous for the production of fragrant oleo-gum resin. However, the genetic make-up especially the genomic information about chloroplast is still unknown. Here, we described for the first time the chloroplast (cp) genome of B. sacra. The complete cp sequence revealed a circular genome of 160,543 bp size with 37.61% GC content. The cp ...

L. Willingale†‡, S. R. Nagel†, A. G. R. Thomas†, C. Bellei†, R. J. Clarke, A. E. Dangor, R. Heathcote, M. C. Kaluza, C. Kamperidis, S. Kneip, K. Krushelnick, N. Lopes, S. P. D. Mangles, W. Nazarov, P. M. Nilson† and Z. Najmudin Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94...

Planar cell polarity (PCP) controls the orientation of cells within tissues and the polarized outgrowth of cellular appendages. So far, six PCP core proteins including the transmembrane proteins Frizzled (Fz), Strabismus (Stbm) and Flamingo (Fmi) have been identified. These proteins form asymmetric PCP domains at apical junctions of epithelial cells. Here, we demonstrate that VhaPRR, an accesso...

Hadronic models of blazar emission constitute an interesting alternative to the more popular leptonic ones. Using the BL Lac object Mrk 421 as a characteristic example, we present two distinct ways of modeling the spectral energy distribution of blazars in the hadronic context, and we discuss the predictions of each variant on the spectral shape, the multi-wavelength variability, the cosmic-ray...

We present the latest results of searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model with jets in the final state using the ATLAS detector. These analyses are performed with the full LHC 2010 data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 33 to 37 pb depending on the analysis. No significant discrepancy is found with t...

Recent results from searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) in e-proton collisions at HERA at center-of-mass energies of 300 and 320 GeV are presented. They were performed on a data sample collected in the period 1994− 2004 by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. The data have been analysed searching for leptoquarks, light gravitinos in R-parity violating supersymmetric models and magnet...

Projection maps of a V(1)-Vma5p hybrid complex, composed of subunit C (Vma5p) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae V-ATPase and the C-depleted V(1) from Manduca sexta, were determined from single particle electron microscopy. V(1)-Vma5p consists of a headpiece and an elongated wedgelike stalk with a 2.1x3.0 nm protuberance and a 9.5x7.5 globular domain, interpreted to include Vma5p. The interaction face...