Twenty closed-head-injured (CHI) patients and 28 control participants were tested on recall and recognition of words. In addition, memory for modality (i.e., visual vs. auditory) of word presentation was measured directly (i.e., recognition) and indirectly (i.e, by its influence on word and modality recognition). As predicted, the CHI patients were impaired relative to controls on all of the di...

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine how modality of input affects functional network organization beyond the sensory cortices for simple working memory tasks. The stimuli were auditory or visual bandpass-filtered white noise. On a given trial, three stimuli, each with differing center frequencies, were presented in succession. For temporal sequencing tasks, participants ind...

The aims of the present studies were to test the generalizability of the modality and dialogue effect to open learning environments, previously found by Moreno and Mayer (e.g., Moreno, Mayer & Lester, 2001) with an agent providing metacognitive support. As an extension, the agent’s continuous presence effect on learning was also tested. Three studies were conducted. In all studies participants ...

In the reported study it was examined whether the modality effect in multimedia learning is caused either by more cognitive resources being available when studying pictures accompanied by auditory text or by the need to split attention between written text and pictures. Ninety-eight students learned about the development of tornados. They heard or read the verbal explanation concurrently with, ...

The modality effect in immediate recall refers to superior recall of the last few items within lists presented in spoken as opposed to printed form. The locus of this well-known effect has been unclear. N. Cowan, J. S. Saults, E. M. Elliott, and M. Moreno (2002) introduced a new method to distinguish between the effects of input serial position, output serial position, and the number of items y...

Policy evaluation is a process to determine whether a request submitted by a user satisfies the access control policies defined by an organization. Modality conflict is one of the main issues in policy evaluation. Existing modality conflict detection approaches do not consider complex condition attributes such as spatial and temporal constraints. An effective authorization propagation rule is n...

This paper focuses on the visible-thermal cross-modality person re-identification (VT Re-ID) task, whose goal is to match images between daytime visible modality and nighttime thermal modality. The two-stream network usually adopted address discrepancy, most challenging problem for VT Re-ID, by learning multi-modality features. In this paper, we explore how many parameters of should share, whic...

A cognitive test battery sensitive to processes important for speech understanding was developed and investigated. Test stimuli are presented as text or in an auditory or audiovisual modality. The tests investigate phonologic processing and verbal information processing. Four subject groups, young/elderly with normal-hearing and young/elderly with hearing impairment, each including 12 subjects,...