Concrete fracture behavior is predicted by one of multi-scaling methods, called the virtual internal bond (VIB) model. The VIB model describes the microscopic interactions between the cement pastes and aggregates using the concept of homogenization. The microscopic behavior is connected to macroscopic behavior by the Cauchy-Born rule, which results in the strain energy function. From the macros...

We introduce an algorithm for construction of the Morse hierarchy, i.e. a hierarchy of Morse decompositions of a piecewise constant vector field on a surface driven by stability of the Morse sets with respect to perturbation of the vector field. Our approach builds upon earlier work on stable Morse decompositions, which can be used to obtain Morse sets of user-prescribed stability. More stable ...

A brief overviewof Forman’s discrete Morse theory is presented, from which analogues of the main results of classical Morse theory can be derived for discrete Morse functions, these being functions mapping the set of cells of a CW complex to the real numbers satisfying some combinatorial relations. The discrete analogue of the strong Morse inequality was proved by Forman for finite CW complexes...

We perform a comprehensive survey of the potential energy landscapes of 13-atom Morse clusters, and describe how they can be characterized and visualized. Our aim is to detail how the global features of the funnel-like surface change with the range of the potential, and to relate these changes to the dynamics of structural relaxation. We find that the landscape becomes rougher and less steep as...

A common problem of vector field topology algorithms is the large number of the resulting topological features. This paper describes a method to simplify Morse decompositions by iteratively merging pairs of Morse sets that are adjacent in the Morse Connection Graph (MCG). When Morse sets A and B are merged, they are replaced by a single Morse set, that can be thought of as the union of A, B and...

The approximate analytic bound state solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with equal scalar and vector exponential-type potentials including the centrifugal potential term are obtained for any arbitrary orbital quantum number l and dimensional space D. The relativistic/non-relativistic energy spectrum formula and the corresponding un-normalized radial wave functions, expressed in terms of the...

The connection matrix theory for Morse decompositions is introduced. The connection matrices are matrices of maps between the homology indices of the sets in the Morse decomposition. The connection matrices cover, in a natural way, the homology index braid of the Morse decomposition and provide information about the structure of the Morse decomposition. The existence of connection matrices of M...

The observed decrease in local mode anharmonicity with increasing methyl substitution in butane is related to a change in potential energy along a methyl CH-stretching coordinate. The potential energy change is modeled by Lennard-Jones 6-12 and Morse potentials and the resultant potential parameters are discussed.

A supersymmetric one-dimensional matrix procedure similar to relationships of the same type between Dirac and Schrödinger equations in particle physics is described at the general level. By this means we are able to introduce a nonhermitic Hamiltonian having the imaginary part proportional to the solution of a Riccati equation of the Witten type. The procedure is applied to the exactly solvable...

Recently, we introduced a new class of symmetry algebras, called satellite algebras, which connect with one another wavefunctions belonging to different potentials of a given family, and corresponding to different energy eigenvalues. Here the role of the factorization method in the construction of such algebras is investigated. A general procedure for determining an so(2,2) or so(2,1) satellite...