It is extremely critical for an emergency response to quickly and accurately use source term estimation (STE) in the event of hazardous gas leakage. To determine appropriate algorithm, four swarm intelligence optimization (SIO) algorithms including Gray Wolf optimizer (GWO), particle (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) ant colony (ACO) are selected be applied STE. After calculation, all can obtain le...

The tuning of optimal controller parameters in wind plant is crucial order to minimize the effect wake interaction between turbines. purpose this paper develop an improved grey wolf optimizer (I-GWO) tune turbines so that total energy production a increased. updating mechanism original GWO modified improve efficiency exploration and exploitation phase while avoiding trapping local minima soluti...

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is utilized to centralize network control within a controller, but its reliance on single plane can make it vulnerable attacks such as DDoS. This highlights the importance of developing effective security mechanisms and using proactive measures detection prevention strategies mitigate risk attacks. Many DDoS attack technologies SDN focus detecting mitigating on...