The overarching goal of this paper is to advance on the understanding of how evidential meanings are expressed in natural languages. Specifically, we aimed to investigate what type of meaning was encoded in yes-no questions through the combination of the question particle (QP) que ‘that’ and the nuclear intonational pattern L+H* L% in Majorcan Catalan yes-no questions (i.e., Que és un llibre?L+...

This paper describes the submitted English shallow discourse parsing system from the natural language processing (NLP) group of Soochow university (SoNLP-DP) to the CoNLL-2016 shared task. Our System classifies discourse relations into explicit and non-explicit relations and uses a pipeline platform to conduct every subtask to form an end-to-end shallow discourse parser in the Penn Discourse Tr...

Recent work investigates the ordering constraints discourse relations impose on texts. Wolf and Gibson (2003) generated GraphBank, a discourse-annotated corpus without a prior constraint to tree-structured annotations, showing that naive annotators generate representations containing multiple-parented nodes and relations with crossing arguments. Webber et al. (2003) hypothesize that discourse m...

Abstract This article introduces a new method for grouping keywords and examines the extent to which it also allows analysts explore interaction of discourse subregister. It uses multivariate statistical technique, Multiple Correspondence Analysis, reveal dimensions co-occur across texts corpus. These are then interpreted in terms discourses they contribute within data, thus forming basis corpu...

When browsing through photographs taken during a trip, it can be a distressing discovery to find many other bystanders captured within the frame. A visually compelling snapshot preserves the desired subject in the foreground, and eliminates irrelevant persons or objects. In this paper, we present a new image completion algorithm that retains the geometric consistency of the scene using Internet...

Pragmatic competence is an indispensable component of communicative competence, which plays essential role in human communication. When individual communicatively competent, he/she can carry out effective conversation social situations. Therefore, pragmatic establishes a compelling factor English language learning as it permits second/foreign learners to successful conversations real-life inter...

The task of implicit discourse relation classification has received increased attention in recent years, including two CoNNL shared tasks on the topic. Existing machine learning models for the task train on sections 2-21 of the PDTB and test on section 23, which includes a total of 761 implicit discourse relations. In this paper, we’d like to make a methodological point, arguing that the standa...

We argue in this paper that many common adverbial phrases generally taken to signal a discourse relation between syntactically connected units within discourse structure, instead work anaphorically to contribute relational meaning, with only indirect dependence on discourse structure. This allows a simpler discourse structure to provide scaffolding for compositional semantics, and reveals multi...

Following Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss-Weltz’s (1990) classification, this study examines the relationship between power and gender of the addressees and the type and number of refusal strategies employed by Sarawani Baloch male university students (SBMUS). Fifty SBMUS studying in Azad University of Sarawan were randomly chosen as the participants of the study. Data collection was accomplished t...