Purpose: To compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) profile in subjects with myopia and emmetropia using GDx variable corneal compensator (VCC) Methods: Besides ophthalmologic standard examination (refraction, visual acuity and slit-lamp examination, applanation tonometry, and funduscopy), perimetry and scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) were performed. 171 healthy age-matched subjects with low ...

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are an effective model to represent decision processes in the presence of transitional uncertainty and reward tradeoffs. However, due to the difficulty in exactly specifying the transition and reward functions in MDPs, researchers have proposed uncertain MDP models and robustness objectives in solving those models. Most approaches for computing robust policies h...

We propose a formulation of the stochastic cutting stock problem as discounted infinite-horizon Markov decision process. At each epoch, given current inventory items, an agent chooses in which patterns to cut objects anticipation unknown demand. An optimal solution corresponds policy that associates state with and minimizes expected total cost. Since exact algorithms scale exponentially state-s...

PURPOSES To determine axial, vertical, and horizontal eye dimensions in myopic and emmetropic eyes by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to relate these to different ocular expansion models of myopia development. METHODS The internal length (cornea to retina), height and width (both retina to retina) were measured in emmetropic and myopic eyes (up to -12 D) of 88 participants aged 18 ...

Purpose. To examine biomechanical parameters of the cornea in myopic eyes and their relationship with the degree of myopia in a western healthy population. Methods. Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), Goldmann correlated intraocular pressure (IOP), and corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc) were measured using the ocular response analyzer (ORA) in 312 eyes of 177 Spanish subjects...

Axial myopia is a risk factor for the development of many concomitant pathological conditions, including those likely to lead an irreversible loss visual functions. Until now, specialists disagree about terminology and approaches classification myopia. We propose critical analysis state-of-the-art research use them offer, definitions such conditions as “myopic macular degeneration (myopic macul...

PURPOSE To determine how formation of an acquired myopic crescent adjacent to the optic disc affects metabolic activity in the primary visual cortex. DESIGN Laboratory animal study. PARTICIPANTS Three macaque monkeys. METHODS The blind spot region in the primary visual cortex was labeled by cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry analysis or [(3)H]proline autoradiography. MAIN OUTCOME ME...

Consider a retailer announces both the regular price and the post-season clearance price at the beginning of the selling season. Throughout the season, customers arrive in accord with a Poisson process. In this paper we analyze the impact of two types of customer purchasing behavior and two common in-store display formats on the retailer’s optimal expected profit and optimal order quantity. We ...

I consider a repeated principal-agent setting in which the agent repeatedly chooses between hidden “long-term” and “short-term” actions. Relative to the long-term action, the short-term action boosts output today but hurts output tomorrow. The optimal contract inducing long-term actions provides a fresh perspective on upward sloping pay scales, severance pay and high-watermark contracts. The my...

We investigate the terminating grid exploration for autonomous myopic luminous robots. Myopic robots mean that they can observe nodes only within a certain fixed distance, and have light devices emit colors. First, we prove that, in semi-synchronous asynchronous models, three are necessary to achieve if visible distance is one. Next, give fourteen algorithms various assumptions of synchrony (fu...