Increased glycolysis is the principal explanation for how cancer cells generate energy in the absence of oxygen. However, in actual human tumour microenvironments, hypoxia is often associated with hypoglycemia because of the poor blood supply. Therefore, glycolysis cannot be the sole mechanism for the maintenance of the energy status in cancers. To understand energy metabolism in cancer cells u...

Peroxisomes from mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) hypocotyls catalyze, in the presence of branched-chain 2-oxo fatty acid, CoASH and NAD, the release of CO(2), and the formation of NADH and acyl-CoA. The acyl-CoA contains one carbon atom less than the branched-chain 2-oxo fatty acid and serves as substrate for the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase. CO(2) release, NADH and acyl-CoA formation occur in 1:1...

We show that six mapped recessive lethal point mutations of the Notch locus affect mitochondrial enzyme activities: NADH oxidase, NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. The mutant N264-40, which has the same morphological and embryological effects as the Notch8 deletion, demonstrates the same biochemical effects and dosage relations as Notch8. The ...

A polycephalic larva of Taeniidae family isolated from abdominal cavity of a great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) from Golestan province, northern Iran, was subjected to molecular analysis. Genomic DNA from the larva was obtained using a DNA extraction tissue kit. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for amplification of the partial 12S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1...

Abstract. Syukur S, Safrizayanti, Zulaiha Supriwardi E, Fahmi A, Nurfadilah KK, Purwati E. 2021. Potential antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus fermentum KF7 from virgin coconut oil products in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1628-1634. The isolation and characterization five commercial Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) circulating the local market Padang city were conducted. In this...

We hypothesized that, due to a cross-talk between cytoplasmic O2--sources and intraluminally expressed xanthine oxidase (XO), intraluminal O2- is instrumental in mediating intraluminal (endothelial dysfunction) and cytosolic (p38 and ERK1/2 MAPKs phosphorylation) manifestations of vascular oxidative stress induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (AT-II). Isolated guinea-pig hearts wer...

Arsenic is atherogenic, carcinogenic, and genotoxic. Because atherosclerotic plaque has been considered a benign smooth muscle cell tumor, we have studied the effects of arsenite on DNA integrity of human vascular smooth muscle cells. By using single-cell alkaline electrophoresis, apparent DNA strand breaks were detected in a 4-hour treatment with arsenite at a concentration above 1 micromol/L....

The gene encoding the Amphibacillus xylanus flavoprotein has been cloned into pTTQ18 and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme has been purified to homogeneity yielding 15 mg of pure enzyme/liter of cell culture. Recombinant flavoprotein is fully active and has an absorption spectrum identical to that of the enzyme purified from A. xylanus. The N-terminal sequence analysis a...

Polypeptides encoded by plastid ndh genes form a complex (Ndh) which could reduce plastoquinone with NADH. Through a terminal oxidase, reduced plastoquinone would be oxidized in chlororespiration. However, isolated Ndh complex has low activity with plastoquinone and no terminal oxidase has been found in chloroplasts, thus the function of Ndh complex is unknown. Alternatively, thylakoid hydroqui...

We have investigated the respiratory activities and the concentrations of respiratory chain components of mitochondria isolated from the livers and hearts of two groups of rats aged 6 and 24 months respectively. In comparison with the adult controls (6 months), in aged rats there was a decline in total aerobic NADH oxidation in both tissues; only minor (non-significant) changes, however, were f...