Gold nanoparticles have shown great promise as therapeutics, therapeutic delivery vectors, and intracellular imaging agents. For many biomedical applications, selective cell and nuclear targeting are desirable, and these remain a significant practical challenge in the use of nanoparticles in vivo. This challenge is being addressed by the incorporation of cell-targeting peptides or antibodies on...

Nanotechnologies have been proposed for a variety of environmental applications, including subsurface characterization, enhanced oil recovery, and in situ contaminant remediation. For such applications, quantitative predictive models will be of great utility for system design and implementation. Electrolyte chemistry, which can vary substantially within subsurface pore waters, has been shown to...

OBJECTIVE To prepare and evaluate the liver-targeted drug delivery system of Bufalin with higher liver uptake and stronger antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle was prepared by desolvation method, to investigate the in vitro release performance and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution. The antitumor act...

We have developed an effective medium theory for the optical properties of nanoparticle films by considering the exact local fields of spheroidal nanoparticles on a substrate. The model allows the calculation of reflectivity, transmission and absorption of nanoparticle films for a wide range of filling factors, nanoparticle aspect ratios and substrate dielectric characteristics. It is suitable ...

We demonstrate self-patterned insulating nanoparticle layers to define local electrical interconnects in thin-film electronic devices. We show this with thin-film silicon tandem solar cells, where we introduce between the two component cells a solution-processed SiO2 nanoparticle layer with local openings to allow for charge transport. Because of its low refractive index, high transparency, and...

We study the polarization dependence of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in coupled gold nanoparticle-nanowire systems. The coupling between the continuous nanowire plasmons and the localized nanoparticle plasmons results in significant field enhancements and SERS enhancements comparable to those found in nanoparticle dimer junctions. The SERS intensity is maximal when the incident ligh...

The diffusion process of a single spherical nanoparticle immersed in a fluid solvent is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. When the nanoparticle mass stays constant, it is shown that, at short times, the decay of the nanoparticle velocity autocorrelation function is strongly modified when the particle diameter increases. It is also shown that, at large times, the characteristic algebrai...

The Coulombic interaction in the oriented attachment growth of one-dimensional nanotubes is evaluated via a newly-derived analytical expression of the Coulombic interactions between a spherical attaching nanoparticle and a growing nanotube. The correlation between the interaction and the important growth parameters, including nanoparticle/nanotube size, aspect ratio, and nanoparticle-nanotube s...

Nanoparticle polymer composites containing metal, semiconductor, magnetic, and optically active nanoparticles were deposited onto multiple substrates from a heatable atomic force microscope tip. The nanoparticle nanostructures were functional as deposited or could be etched with an oxygen plasma, revealing single nanoparticle lithographic resolution. Many types of nanoparticles can be patterned...