The importance of earthen construction materials lies in their widespread availability combined with a low embodied energy. Chemical stabilizers are commonly used to improve durability and mechanical performance. main drawbacks the high environmental impact production, loss recyclability, possible reduction raw earth’s hygrothermal properties. Historically stabilization was achieved by use diff...

Cellulose sulfuric acid is an efficient metal-free catalyst for the synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles via the condensation of 1,3-diketones and hydrazines. The reaction was carried out in Solvent-free condition at room temperature and the products were isolated in good to excellent yields. Mild reaction conditions, as well as ease of operation and workup are some advantages of the pro...

Biodegradable polymers have attracted a lot of attention in the recent years. These biopolymers are large macromolecules composed of single, repeating monomer units. They are of very high molecular weight and their material characteristics vary according to the nature of their monomer composition. Over the last decade, depletion in the petroleum reserves has resulted in the emergence of biodegr...

Membrane filtration in various forms has become an increasingly used treatment method worldwide for the supply of safe drinking water. The fouling membranes is commonly considered to be major operational limitation its wider application since it leads frequent backwashing and a shortening membrane life, increased production costs. components natural organic matter (NOM) surface waters have been...