introduction: the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite activated with laser in removing of the smear layer in the apical, middle, and coronal segments of root canal walls by scanning electron microscopy analysis. methods: sixty single-rooted human mandibular teeth were decoronated to a standardized length. the samples were prepared by ...

introduction: dentine hypersensitivity (dh) is characterized by a short sharp pain arising from the exposed dentine, in response to a thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic or chemical stimulus. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nd:yag laser therapy and desensitizing gel (sensikin®, laboratorios kin s.a., barcelona, spain) in treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. methods: a...

Nd-based pyrochlore oxides of the form Nd$_{2}B_{2}$O$_{7}$ have garnered a significant amount interest owing to moment fragmentation physics observed in Nd$_{2}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and speculated Nd$_{2}$Hf$_{2}$O$_{7}$. Notably this phenomenon is not ubiquitous family, as it absent Nd$_{2}$Sn$_{2}$O$_{7}$, which features smaller ionic radius on $B$-site. Here, we explore necessary conditions for ...

Nd-based pyrochlore oxides of the form Nd$_{2}B_{2}$O$_{7}$ have garnered a significant amount interest owing to moment fragmentation physics observed in Nd$_{2}$Zr$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and speculated Nd$_{2}$Hf$_{2}$O$_{7}$. Notably this phenomenon is not ubiquitous family, as it absent Nd$_{2}$Sn$_{2}$O$_{7}$, which features smaller ionic radius on $B$-site. Here, we explore necessary conditions for ...

introduction: the unprotected eye is extremely sensitive to laser radiation and can be permanently damaged from direct or reflected beams. the area of the eye damaged by laser energy is dependent upon the wavelength of the incident laser beam, duration of exposure and tissue characteristics. this study aims to investigate the effect of intense green light from doubled frequency neodymium-doped ...

in this paper, we study the generalized bin covering problem. for this problem an exact algorithm is introduced which can nd optimal solution for small scale instances. to nd a solution near optimal for large scale instances, a heuristic algorithm has been proposed. by computational experiments, the eciency of the heuristic algorithm is assessed.

information about chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (copd)-related health resources allocation in china is very limited. the aim of the study was to explore the distribution of copd-related health resources allocation among different levels public hospitals (phs) in hunan province of central south china.we randomly collected data from 57 public hospitals (phs) at 3 different levels in huna...