We present the first study of multidimensional poverty in Benin using the consensual or socially perceived necessities approach. There is a remarkable level consensus about what constitutes the necessities of life and an adequate standard of living. Following Townsend's concept of relative deprivation, we show how social consensus provides the basis for a reliable and valid index of multiple de...

Smartphones and tablets including phone, calendar and others are the necessities of modern man. They are one of the MN (Mobile Nodes), each with wireless network capabilities. Necessities of modern human MNs are almost included in every cellular module available in LTE/3G and Wi-Fi module for high-speed Internet. Until now, MN mobility management is handled in a traditonal way, but network-base...

Individuals should differ in their tolerance for risky financial investments. For one thing, people face different income streams. A freelance writer typically faces considerable variability in income, and long-term unpredictability. These should generally be compensated by less risky investment. But a tenured professor faces little variability or unpredictability and can thus afford to take mo...

preventing or minimizing life and property losses in different wars is the main and the most important aim for armed conflicts law. this branch of law pays attention to achieving this aim through observing military necessities and humanitarian principles simultaneously. military necessities explain the necessity of the war termination and humanitarian principles confine struggling and fighting ...

understanding future evolutions is a necessity for governance in this developing world. in military affairs, deterrence, elaborated in this part, is a way of countering probable future conflicts

Equity is defined as the ability to impartially recognize the right of every person, a sense of justice and impartiality being its guiding principles. Access is the establishment of communication to obtain information or use of available resources. Therefore, from the social perspective, equity of access means equal rights to information and available resources. For equity of access to be attai...