This paper presents a comprehensive study of argumentation frameworks with necessities (AFNs), bipolar extension Dung Abstract (AFs) where the support relation captures positive interaction between arguments having meaning necessity: acceptance an argument may require other argument(s). The discusses new main acceptability semantics for AFNs and their characterization both by direct approach la...

The first Korean Breast Cancer Treatment Consensus Conference Expert Panel reviewed and endorsed new evidence on aspects of local and regional therapies and diagnostic procedures that support the conservative application of results from recent clinical trials. This conference clarified the barriers that limit the application of recent clinical trial results, such as questions about level of evi...

In this paper, we analyze the spending decisions of over 1.5 million Americans who vary in their degree of revealed credit constraints. Specifically, we analyze how these Americans spend their income tax refunds, using transaction-level data from a stored-value card product. Card-holders may choose among several tax settlement and loan options, effectively receiving cash as much as 90 days earl...