Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase deficiency and characterized by recurrent episodes of nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Herein, we describe a case of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 in a 33-year-old man who failed to respond to conventional therapies; thus renal transplantation was performed. This case...

Kidney stones are very common and unfortunately do not spare the pregnant population. Anatomical and pathophysiological changes occur in the pregnant female that alter the risk for development of nephrolithiasis. Acute renal colic during pregnancy is associated with significant potential risks to both mother and fetus. Diagnosis is often challenging because good imaging options without radiatio...

Tubular reabsorption and excretion of calcium were studied at different levels of filtered calcium by means of calcium infusion in normal and hypercalciuric subjects and in patients with idiopathic nephrolithiasis. Calcium reabsorption and excretion rose linearly with filtered load and in no case was a maximum tubular reabsorptive capacity for calcium reached. No decrease in tubular reabsorptio...

Idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis and hypercalciuria are multifactorial disease conditions, the pathogenesis of which involves the interaction of environmental and individual factors. Data support a strong role of genes in the pathogenesis of these two conditions. Findings obtained in monogenic disorders characterized by renal calcium stones, and/or hypercalciuria, and/or nephrocalcinosis have...

We describe a combined percutaneous and endoscopic approach to remove encrusted permanent suture in the renal pelvis that was placed during pyeloplasty repair. Our index patient had a laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty at an outside institution 10 years before presenting with flank pain and nondependent nephrolithiasis. This proved to be an encrusted permanent suture material. There is limite...

The prevalence of kidney stones is climbing in the United States. Several investigators have demonstrated an association between metabolic syndrome and kidney stones and some have proposed a causal link. Risk factors for nephrolithiasis can be identified with a 24-hour urine collection and preventive measures can be customized to meet the needs of individual patients. Dietary and pharmacologic ...

This guideline is structured to provide Canadian urologists with practical recommendations for the evaluation and medical management of kidney stone disease, with a particular emphasis on calcium nephrolithiasis. The goals of this guideline are to promote the identification of significant underlying systemic and urinary abnormalities that will predispose the patient to recurrent nephrolithiasis...

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and occurs in one percent of cases. Most of the patients at the time of diagnosis are young and the mean age is 40 year-old and occur with equal frequency in both sexes. In most series, serum calcium levels are ≽ 14 mg/dl and in half of them, a palpable cervical mass is evident. Clinical manifestations are maily due to hyperca...