Alzheimer's disease (AD), pathologically characterized by amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) accumulation, neurofibrillary tangle formation, and neurodegeneration, is thought to involve early-onset neurovascular abnormalities. Hitherto studies on AD-associated neurovascular injury have used animal models that exhibit only a subset of AD-like pathologies and demonstrated some Aβ-dependent vascular dysfuncti...

Atlantoaxial instability treated with the C1-2 transarticular screw fixation is biomechanically more stable; however, the technique demanding and the potential risk of neurovascular injury create difficulties for clinical usage, and there is still lack of clinical experience till now.We reported an adult female patient with symptomatic atlantoaxial instability due to rheumatoid arthritis that w...

Stroke causes cell death but also birth and migration of new neurons within sites of ischemic damage. The cellular environment that induces neuronal regeneration and migration after stroke has not been defined. We have used a model of long-distance migration of newly born neurons from the subventricular zone to cortex after stroke to define the cellular cues that induce neuronal regeneration af...

OBJECTIVES To describe the relationship of the major muscular, ligamentous and neurovascular structures in relation to standard medial elbow arthroscopic portals used in dogs, and to evaluate their potential iatrogenic lesions. DESIGN Anatomical study using 20 canine cadaveric elbows. METHODS Arthroscopic explorations were performed using medial portals. Three 4 mm orthopaedic pins were int...

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries disrupt the integrity of neurovascular structure and lead to lifelong neurological deficit. The devastating damage can be ameliorated by preserving the endothelial network, but the source for therapeutic cells is limited. We aim to evaluate the beneficial effect of mechanical shear stress in the differentiation of endothelial lineage cells (ELCs) fr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE because brain endothelial cells exist at the neurovascular interface, they may serve as cellular reporters of brain dysfunction by releasing biomarkers into the circulation. METHODS we used proteomic techniques to screen conditioned media from human brain endothelial cultures subjected to oxidative stress induced by nitric oxide over 24 hours. Plasma samples from human ...

Background: Pilon fracture is one of the challenging injuries in orthopedic surgery. Associated soft tissue injury is animportant factor in choosing treatment options. Two major methods of treatment are considered as one-stage openreduction internal fixation (ORIF) and two-stage treatment (primary external fixation and secondary ORIF). The latter ismost accepted in literature. In the current st...

Admission hyperglycemia (HG) amplifies vascular injury and neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke, but the mechanisms remain controversial. We recently reported that ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury impairs the myogenic response in both hemispheres via increased nitration. However, whether HG amplifies contralateral myogenic dysfunction and whether loss of tone in the contralateral hem...

Avulsion fracture of the occipital condyle are rare lesion at craniovertebral junction. It is often related to high-energy traumatic injuries and show diverse clinical presentations. Neurologic deficit instabilities may justify surgical treatment. However, integrity neurovascular structures undervalued in current literatures. In this case report, we described a 26-year-old female patient with a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute hyperglycemia worsens the clinical outcomes and exacerbates cerebral hemorrhage after stroke. The mediators of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in hyperglycemic stroke are not fully understood. Matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) plays a critical role in the tissue-type plasminogen activator-induced HT. However, the role of MMP3 in exacerbating the HT and worsening the...