[1], belongs to the lipocalin family of proteins. These are typically small secreted proteins characterised by their ability to bind small, hydrophobic molecules in a structurally conserved pocket formed by a β-pleated sheet, and to form macromolecular complexes. Many lipocalins also bind to specific cell-surface receptors, but so far no NGAL receptor has been identified. NGAL has many synonyms...

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25 kD lipocalin that is covalently bound to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 produced by neutrophils [1]. NGAL in blood or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) may reflect neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs [2, 3], and it is highly induced in injured epithelial cells, including those in the lung [4]. Possible roles for neutrophilic infla...

BACKGROUND The role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in childhood asthma remains unknown. This study aimed to measure the serum levels of NGAL in children with asthma and to investigate the correlation between NGAL and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a good indicator of airway remodeling in children with asthma. METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional study w...

British Journal of General Practice, October 2016 541 BACKGROUND In current clinical practice, the consensus diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) depends on the detection of an acute rise in serum creatinine and/or oliguria.1 Recognition of AKI in the community is important, as it is relatively common and associated with excess mortality and morbidity.1 In a primarycare-based cohort of around...

UNLABELLED Recent studies suggest that tubular damage precedes glomerular damage in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, we evaluated oxidative stress and urinary excretion of tubular proteins as markers of tubular dysfunction. METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin administration (50 mg/kg). Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the activity of catalase (C...