The principal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) oncoprotein, Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1), is expressed in most EBV-associated human malignancies. LMP1 mimics CD40 receptor signaling to provide infected cells with constitutive NF-κB, MAP kinase, IRF7, and PI3 kinase pathway stimulation. EBV-transformed B-cells are particularly dependent on constitutive NF-κB activity, and rapidly undergo apoptosis u...

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)/interleukin (IL-6) pathway links chronic inflammation to colitis associated cancer (CAC). In this study, we examined the dynamic temporal changes of the NF-κB/IL-6 pathway during the procession of experimental CAC mouse model. Mice were sacrificed after induction for 14, 16, 18, and 22 weeks for the examination of tumor burden, inflammation degree, and protein leve...

In this review article, we discuss the current state of computational modelling of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. NF-κB is a transcription factor, which is ubiquitous within cells and controls a number of immune responses, including inflammation and apoptosis. The NF-κB signalling pathway is tightly regulated, commencing with activation at the cell membrane, signal trans...

BACKGROUND Isoflurane can increase pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 levels. However, the up-stream mechanism remains unknown. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) promotes the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We examined the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on the NF-κB signalling pathway and its association with IL-6 levels in cultured cells. METHODS H4 human neuroglioma ...

There are two major pathways leading to induction of NF-κB subunits. The classical (or canonical) pathway typically leads to the induction of RelA or c-Rel containing complexes, and involves the degradation of IκBα in a manner dependent on IκB kinase (IKK) β and the IKK regulatory subunit NEMO. The alternative (or non-canonical) pathway, involves the inducible processing of p100 to p52, leading...

BACKGROUND Progesterone-withdrawal (WP)-induced endometrial breakdown occurs in both physiological and pathological processes such as menstruation and abortion. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. As the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway has been proposed to play a role in endometrial breakdown, we tested this hypothesis using RU486-induced mouse menstruation-like mod...

The nuclear factor κB (NF-κΒ) subunits RelA, RelB, cRel, p50, and p52 are each critical for B cell development and function. To systematically characterize their responses to canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathway activity, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis in lymphoblastoid B cell lines (LCLs). We found a complex NF-κB-b...

The human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) causes a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system termed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-I encodes a protein known to activate several host-signaling pathways involved in inflammation, such as the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The contribution of the NF-κB pathway to the pathogenesis of HAM/...

We have previously demonstrated that ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 is a potent ATP-binding cassette (ABC) B1 inhibitor and explored the cellular pharmacokinetic mechanisms for its synergistic effect on the cytotoxicity of adriamycin. The present studies were conducted to elucidate the key factors that influenced ABCB1 expression, which could further alter adriamycin cellular pharmacokinetics. Meanwhile...

UNLABELLED Lung adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. We recently showed that genetic inhibition of the NF-κB pathway affects both the initiation and the maintenance of lung cancer, identifying this pathway as a promising therapeutic target. In this investigation, we tested the efficacy of small-molecule NF-κB inhibitors in mouse models of lung cancer. In murine lung aden...