Among insects, the pulse echolocation capacity has been so far demonstrated only in the group of noctuid moths (Noctuidae) [7]. The probing signals of the noctuid moths are short (25-190 μs) ultrasonic clicks, the main spectral maximums of the signals being located above 30 kHz [4]. Auditory (tympanal) organs of noctuid moths are paired organs located in the thoracic segment. The tympanal organ...

Moths were collected from different parts of Peshawar during June to August in 2007 to determine their diversity, species richness and evenness. A total number of 774 moth specimens were collected by using simple light traps operated from dusk to dawn daily for sixty nights. The moths caught were identified up to family level. Families Noctuidae, Pyralidae, Arctiidae, Geometridae, Sphingidae an...

We describe three new species: Zebeeba orzolae Falck & Karsholt, sp. n. (Erebidae: Rivulinae), Nyctobrya vilfredi (Noctuidae: Bryophilinae) and Agrotis corralejoi Noctuinae). The unknown female of Mniotype loslobensis (Fischer, Saldaitis Ivinskis, 2007) Hadeninae) its genitalia are described illustrated. Twelve species recorded as to the fauna Canary Islands: Epharmottomena eremophila (Rebe...

Transgenic maize, Zea maize L., expressing the Cry1F protein from Bacillus thuringiensis has been registered for Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) control since 2003. Unexpected damage to Cry1F maize was reported in 2006 in Puerto Rico and Cry1F resistance in S. frugiperda was documented. The inheritance of Cry1F resistance was characterized in a S. frugiperda resistant strain originating fro...

The development of pest resistance to transgenic crop plants producing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) poses a major threat to their sustainable use in agriculture. "Pyramiding" two toxins with different modes of actions in the same plant is now being used to delay the evolution of resistance in the insects, but this strategy could fail if a single gene in a pest c...

BACKGROUND Evolution of resistance threatens the continued success of transgenic crops expressing insecticidal proteins. One of the key factors for successful resistance management is the timely implementation of monitoring programmes to detect early changes of resistance allele frequency in field populations. F(1)/F(2) screen, dose-response bioassays and field survey were used to monitor resis...

Noctuidonema dibolia n. sp., an ectoparasite of adults of the noctuid moth Mocis latipes (Guenée) is described. The differentiating characters are a club-shaped body with a subterminal vulva in the female, spicules with a reduced matrix and sheath and closely apposed dorsal and ventral arms in the male, very long stylet and conus, moderately prominent stylet knobs, a bluntly rounded head, and a...

The velvetbean caterpillar (VBC), Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important New World soybean agro-ecosystems pests, occurring from 40° N in the USA to 39° S in Argentina. Information on the migration patterns of the VBC moth may be important for managing the resistance of VBC populations to insecticides or plants carrying the Bacillus th...

Pheromones, Alkenyl Acetates, Olfactory Receptors, Structure-Activity Relationships, Lepidoptera The effect of introducing alkyl substituents (methyl to pentyl) to the chain segment n in longchain alkenyl acetates, CH3(CH2)nCH = CH(CH2) OT-0-C0CH3 (I), was investigated in pheromone receptors of Noctuidae, Tortricidae, and Cochylidae species. The receptor types studied were maximally responsive ...