BACKGROUND To date, the use of traditional nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for detection of HIV-1 DNA or RNA has been restricted to laboratory settings due to time, equipment, and technical expertise requirements. The availability of a rapid NAAT with applicability for resource-limited or point-of-care (POC) settings would fill a great need in HIV diagnostics, allowing for timely diagno...

A kinetic model for the diffusion-controlled annealing of excess vacancies under the experimentally relevant, non-isothermal condition of time-linear heating is presented and applied to dilatometry. The evolution of the vacancy concentration with time is quantitatively analyzed, considering as ideal sinks either dislocations or grain boundaries of spherical- or cylindrical-shaped crystallites. ...

This paper investigates the thermal and irradiation-dependent dehydration and kinetics occurring in Na2SO4.10H2O (mirabilite) and MgSO4.7H2O (epsomite) at room conditions by using powder X-ray thermodiffraction. An improved version of a first optically stimulated X-ray diffractometer prototype was used. Specific software for the thermodiffraction study was developed (XPowder PLUS) and a filter ...

Abstract Variations in energy efficiency and climate gas emissions production of manganese ferroalloys are largely related to the solid-state reduction ores used as raw material production. The gas-solid is known be dependent on ore characteristics, making information factors governing kinetics crucial. A reaction rate analysis thermogravimetric data obtained for Comilog Nchwaning CO-CO 2 atmos...

A detailed kinetic study of hydroxymethylfurfural, lactulose and furosine formation was performed upon heating milk at temperatures between 90 degrees C and 140 degrees C. In case of prolonged heating, formation kinetics could be described by a fractional conversion model. Considering only the first phase of the model, kinetics could be simplified to a pseudo-zero order model. A first assessmen...

The increasing significance of biomass in attaining ultimate sustainability a multitude vectors demands deeper understanding its underlying components. pyrolytic breakdown cellulose, major component, has been subject intense research since the 1950 s, and despite significant carried out published thus far, kinetics cellulose degradation continue to be source debate. Herein, this work investigat...

Sumlnary--A method is described for finding the normal displacements of the surface of a semi-infinite solid, subjected to arbitrary, transient surface heating. Analytical expressions are derived for the displacements due to instantaneous and continuous point and line heat sources and these can be integrated to produce the solutions to particular problems. The method is illustrated by applicati...

Thermal decomposition kinetics of calcium carbonate was studied by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates. The reaction mechanism was found to follow a two-dimensional phase boundary-controlled model by modelfree and model-fitting methods. Two non-Arrhenius equations (Harcourt–Esson equation and Berthelot–Hood equation) were used to interpret the decomposition kine...