Is the transport of heat northward by the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift, and its subsequent release into the midlatitude westerlies, the reason why Europe’s winters are so much milder than those of eastern North America and other places at the same latitude? Here, it is shown that the principal cause of this temperature difference is advection by the mean winds. South-westerlies bring wa...

The affiliation for the first author is incorrect. Stacy M. Horner is affiliated with 1 Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, and 3 Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North...

We use velocities derived from 2-4.5 years of continuous GPS observations at 21 sites on the Pacific and North American plates along with a subset of the NUVEL-1A data to examine the steadiness of PacificNorth America motion since 3.16 Ma, the transfer of Baja California to the Pacific plate, and the magnitude of biases in the NUVEL-1A estimate of Pacific-North America motion. We find that Paci...

White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging disease of hibernating bats associated with cutaneous infection by the fungus Geomyces destructans (Gd), and responsible for devastating declines of bat populations in eastern North America. Affected bats appear emaciated and one hypothesis is that they spend too much time out of torpor during hibernation, depleting vital fat reserves required to survive...

Xyleborinus octiesdentatus (Murayama), an ambrosia beetle native to Asia, is reported for the first time in North America based on specimens from Alabama and Louisiana. This is the twenty-first species of exotic Xyleborina documented in North America. A re-description of the female and a key to the four North American species of Xyleborinus are presented.

Leaf beetles of the genus Plateumaris inhabit wetlands across the temperate zone of the Holarctic region. To explore the phylogeographic relationships among North American, East Asian, and European members of this genus and the origin of the species endemic to Japan, we studied the molecular phylogeny of 20 of the 27 species in this genus using partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxid...

AIMS We examined the geographic variations in InTIME-II, a randomized double-blind trial comparing alteplase with lanoteplase for myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared baseline characteristics, management, and outcomes in four regions (Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, and Latin America) and in countries with historically different management approaches (Germany ...

4 Antonio Albanese, Limei Cheng, Mauro Ursino, Nicolas W. Chbat 5 6 7 8 9 1 Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA 10 2 Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA 11 3 Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 12 Bologna, Italy 13 4 Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ...

Globalization has facilitated the worldwide movement and introduction of pathogens, but epizoological reconstructions of these invasions are often hindered by limited sampling and insufficient genetic resolution among isolates. Pseudogymnoascus destructans, a fungal pathogen causing the epizootic of white-nose syndrome in North American bats, has exhibited few genetic polymorphisms in previous ...

The European winter moth,Operophtera brumata (L.), an invasive forest defoliator, is undergoing a rapid range expansion in northeastern North America. The source of this invasion, and phylogeographic diversity throughout its native range, has not been explored. To do this, we used samples from a pheromone-baited trap survey of O. brumata collected across its native range in Europe, and invasive...