Six advanced reactor concepts have been selected for Generation-IV reactors and are being investigated worldwide to meet the challenging goals of effective resource utilization and waste minimization (sustainability), improved safety, enhanced proliferation resistance, and reduced system cost. [1] The six systems are very high temperature reactor (VHTR), sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), superc...

This paper attempts to summarize the actual problematic of reactor antineutrino energy spectra in the frame of fundamental and applied neutrino physics. Nuclear physics is an important ingredient of reactor antineutrino experiments. These experiments are motivated by neutrino oscillations, i.e. the measure of the 13 mixing angle. In 2011, after a new computation of the reactor antineutrino ener...

China has ambitious plans to expand its nuclear power capacity. One of the policy goals that high-level policymakers have desired is to base the nuclear program on a standardized reactor design. However, this has not materialized so far. By examining its nuclear reactor choices for individual projects, we argue that China’s policymaking process has been greatly influenced by international compe...

Today the applications of nuclear physics span a very broad range of topics and fields. This review discusses a number of aspects of these applications, including selected topics and concepts in nuclear reactor physics, nuclear fusion, nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear-geophysics, and nuclear medicine. The review begins with a historic summary of the early years in applied nuclear physics, wit...

This paper presents a comparative study of different control design methods applied to a nuclear reactor model. A nuclear reactor temperature controller is designed using the H-infinity (H∞) control. This advanced controller is compared with a conventional Proportional–Integral–Derivative controller (PID) controller and a traditional optimal controller design using Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQ...

In this paper, discrete time higher integer order linear transfer function models have been identified first for a 500 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) which has highly nonlinear dynamical nature. Linear discrete time models of the nonlinear nuclear reactor have been identified around eight different operating points (power reduction or step-back conditions) with least square estimato...

Relative to coal fired and natural gas fired power plants, nuclear power plants are more expensive to build but less expensive to run. This annex describes advanced construction methods to reduce nuclear power's construction costs, mainly by shortening the time needed to build a plant. Each of the methods described below has been used in one or more of the projects listed in Table IV-1. None is...

A review of the chemistry occurring inside a nuclear power plant during a serious reactor accident is presented. This includes some aspects of the behavior of nuclear fuel, its cladding, cesium and iodine. This review concentrates on the chemistry of an accident in a water-cooled reactor loaded with uranium dioxide or mixed metal oxide fuel. Subjects: Chemistry; Environmental Chemistry; Inorgan...