An inter-comparison of cases of multiple myeloma among UK participants in the UK's atmospheric atomic and nuclear weapons tests ascertained by direct follow up methods detected at least a third more cases than a strategy relying solely on data linkage between the Office of National Statistics and the Service Records Offices. These finding have implications for the conduct and robustness of foll...

T he United States carried out the world's fi rst nuclear test, codenamed " Trinity, " on 16 July 1945 in the desert of New Mexico. Just three weeks later, on 6 August, the US exploded a uranium device called " Little Boy " 2,000 feet above the Japanese city of Hiroshima, killing around 150,000 people. Three days later, the US deployed a second nuclear bomb, a plutonium device called " Fat Man,...

The Nuclear Notebook is researched and written by Hans M. Kristensen, director of the Information Project with Federation American Scientists, Matt Korda, a research associate project. column has been published in Bulletin Atomic Scientists since 1987. This issue’s examines North Korea’s nuclear arsenal. authors cautiously estimate that Korea may have produced enough fissile material to build b...

INTRODUCTION Anthropogenic plutonium has been introduced into the environment over the past 50 years as the result of the detonation of nuclear weapons and operational releases from the nuclear industry. In the Arctic environment, the main source of plutonium is from atmospheric weapons testing, which have resulted in a relatively uniform, underlying global distribution of plutonium. Other rele...

Nationalist populists as leaders of states that possess nuclear weapons undermine the order and increase dangers in novel, significant, persistent ways. Such talk differently about weapons; they can put policy making crisis management disarray; weaken international alliances multilateral institutions. The rise nationalist nuclear-armed states, including some five nuclear-weapon recognized under...

The paper begins with a general introduction and update to Fourth Generation Nuclear Weapons (FGNW), and then addresses some particularly important military aspects on which there has been only limited public discussion so far. These aspects concern the unique military characteristics of FGNWs which make them radically different from both nuclear weapons based on previous-generation nuclear-exp...

• U.S. policy toward the nuclearization of India and Pakistan has shifted from sanctions and rollback to reluctant acceptance of their nuclear status. The United States now seeks to ensure that India and Pakistan become responsible nuclear powers and is emphasizing cooperative measures to prevent war, secure weapons and material from terrorist theft, and stop the further spread of nuclear weapons.

A radiation detector constructed of common household materials was developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) by Cresson H. Kearny and has been referred to as the Kearny Fallout Meter (KFM). Developed during the height of the Cold War, the KFM was intended to place a radiation meter capable of measuring fallout from nuclear weapons in the hands of every U.S. citizen. Instructions for the...

■ In its early years, Lincoln Laboratory developed critical components of an airdefense system to guard North America against the threat of intercontinental bombers carrying nuclear weapons. Lincoln Laboratory used digital computer technology to automate several functions of the air-defense system and improve the quality of digitized radar data processed by the air-defense system. This article ...