Bubble nucleation in weakly supersaturated solutions of carbon dioxide—such as champagne, sparkling wines and carbonated beers—is well understood. Bubbles grow and detach from nucleation sites: gas pockets trapped within hollow cellulose fibres. This mechanism appears not to be active in stout beers that are supersaturated solutions of nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In their canned forms these be...

A computer simulation study has been performed of the reaction paths for the precipitation of 6 ’ (Al?Li) ordered particles from a disordered matrix (z) in Al-Li alloys, using microscopic Lang&in diffusion equations. It is found that the precipitation of 6’ occurs either by a congruent ordering process followed by decomposition, or by a non-classical nucleation mechanism which requires critical...

The bias-enhanced nucleation of diamond on Si~100! is studied by angle-dependent x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy ~XANES!. During diamond nucleation, a graphitic phase is also detected. The angle dependence of the XANES signal shows that the graphitic basal planes are oriented perpendicular to the surface. Implications of this result on the mechanism of bias-enhanced nucleation are discu...

We report a real-time study on protein crystallization in the presence of multivalent salts using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and optical microscopy, focusing particularly on the nucleation mechanism as well as on the role of the metastable intermediate phase (MIP). Using bovine beta-lactoglobulin as a model system in the presence of the divalent salt CdCl2, we have monitored the early ...

In this letter, we show for the first time the use of metal oxides as catalysts in the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using laser ablation. Further, SWCNTs have been synthesized at low temperature (down to room temperature), where their nucleation cannot be explained via fullerene nucleation. The data point to a nucleation mechanism previously not identified, that places a...

Direct atomistic simulations of dislocation multiplication in fcc aluminum reveal an unexpected mechanism, in which a Frank-Read source emits dislocations with Burgers vectors different from that of the source itself. The mechanism is traced to a spontaneous nucleation of partial dislocation loops within the stacking fault. Understanding and a quantitative description of this unusual process ar...

We present numerical results on bubble profiles, nucleation rates and time evolution for a weakly first-order quark-hadron phase transition in different expansion scenarios. We confirm the standard picture of a cosmological first-order phase transition, in which the phase transition is entirely dominated by nucleation. We also show that, even for expansion rates much lower than those expected i...

We report a molecular dynamics study of homogeneous bubble nucleation in a Lennard-Jones fluid. The rate of bubble nucleation is estimated using forward-flux sampling (FFS). We find that cavitation starts with compact bubbles rather than with ramified structures, as had been suggested by Shen and Debenedetti (J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 111, 3581). Our estimate of the bubble-nucleation rate is higher ...

The aim of this study is to investigate the nucleation of new grains by necklacing mechanism during dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The material used is 316 stainless steel. In order to modeling the deformation behavior during hot rolling, one-hit compression tests were performed at temperature range of 950-1100 °C with strain rates of 0.01-1s-1. The result shows that at the tempera...