We develop a microeconomic model of endogenous growth where clean and dirty technologies compete in production and innovation– in the sense that research can be directed to either clean or dirty technologies. If dirty technologies are more advanced to start with, the potential transition to clean technology can be diffi cult both because clean research must climb several rungs to catch up with ...

This paper investigates whether there is convergence in Total Factor Productivity at the establishment level, to the technological frontier. We find evidence of convergence to the frontier, which suggests the existence of technological spillovers. The speed of catch-up does not appear to vary with the extent of foreign presence in the industry. But foreign multinationals do make up a significan...

This paper estimates returns to research and development (R&D) in Chinese industry. Using a firm-level dataset on innovation activity in largeand medium-size industrial enterprises during 1991 to 1997 in the Beijing area, we estimate three equations – an R&D expenditure equation, a production function, and a profit function. Panel data estimation methods are applied to a semibalanced data set c...

We consider a model of cake-eating with private information. The model captures phenomena such as trust and “security of supply” in resource-use relationships. It also predicts supply shocks as an equilibrium phenomenon: privately informed sellers have incentives to reveal resource scarcity too late, through a supply disruption, after which they exploit the consumers’ inability to immediately a...

How to determine how much and what produce? This is one of the great unknowns in economics. paper proposes study recipes offered by conventional economics, keynesian Economics, Austrian school questioning use assumptions mathematical tools. In addition, we will analyze concept dynamic efficiency, which provides a contribution debate. The importance analyzing various focuses on highlight that mi...

Abstract Introduction Emergency laparotomy still carries a high mortality risk. According to the latest National Laparotomy Audit (NELA) report, half of patients without pre-operative risk scoring had higher observed than predicted mortality. Data from Perth, Australia also suggests that improves The aim this study was determine if prospective assessment has an independent favourable effect on ...

A policy debate continues about the relative merits and and negative consequences of federal policies that encourage patent protection to university research results. Given the importance of university research for innovation in many industries, the effects of such policies are of critical importance to firms. This paper examines the impact of the increase in university patenting on the effecti...

This paper investigates the effect of Internet technology on how firms access export markets directly or via intermediaries. Empirical evidence suggests that technology diffusion is geographically localised, with knowledge spillovers from neighbouring adopters decaying quickly over short distances. To address the potential endogeneity of Internet adoption, I construct an instrument that capture...

This study aimed at examining the merit of crop diversification as a strategy for agricultural growth in Bangladesh. Specifically, the existence of economies of diversification, scale economies and diversification efficiencies at the farm level were examined using a stochastic input-distance function approach. Results reveal strong evidence of diversification economies amongst most crop enterpr...