Traditionally, medication is delivered to the eye by three main mechanisms: Topical ocular administration, systemic administration, and intraocular or periocular injection. Each of these methods has significant disadvantages. Topical ocular solutions or ointments have less than a 1% penetration, have rapid dilution and tear washout, and rely substantially on owner compliance to administer the m...

Ocular inserts are sterile preparations, with a thin, multilayered, drugimpregnated, solid or semisolid consistency devices placed into cul-de-sac or conjunctiva sac. They are usually made up of polymeric vehicle containing drug. Ocular drug delivery is one of the most fascinating and challenging tasks being faced by the Pharmaceutical researchers. One of the major barriers of ocular medication...

Ocular diseases, such as, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa require drug management in order to prevent blindness and affecting million of adults in USA and worldwide. There is an increasing need to develop devices for drug delivery to address ocular diseases. This study focuses on the design, simulation, and development of an impla...

Delivery of drugs into eyes using conventional drug delivery systems, such as solutions, is a considerable challenge to the treatment of ocular diseases. Drug loss from the ocular surface by lachrymal fluid secretion, lachrymal fluid-eye barriers, and blood-ocular barriers are main obstacles. A number of ophthalmic drug delivery carriers have been made to improve the bioavailability and to prol...