Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus affects 3-5% of all human pregnancy.Studies reported the neurotoxic effect of gestational diabetes on cerebellarand spinal cord in rat offspring. This study was conducted to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on astrocyte density in the cerebellum of rat offspring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 Wistar rats dams were ran...

objective(s): the muller cell is the principal glial cell of the vertebrate retina. the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) in the muller cells was used as a cellular marker for retinal damage. this study was done to evaluate the effect of gestational diabetes on retinal muller cells in rat's offspring. materials and methods: in this experimental study, 12 wistar rat dams ...

Abstract. Let T be the extinction moment of a critical branching process Z = (Zn, n ≥ 0) in a random environment specified by iid probability generating functions. We study the asymptotic behavior of the probability of extinction of the process Z at moment n → ∞, and show that if the logarithm of the (random) expectation of the offspring number belongs to the domain of attraction of a non-gauss...

This article is unlikely to help you if your sole focus within the cavy fancy is to make improvements within a well-established, existing breed. Here, tried and tested principles (such as ‘Breed to the best to the best and hope for the best’ and ‘Avoid duplicating faults in the parents and try to ensure that between them they have all the good points you are seeking in the offspring’) probably ...

This work introduces a general mathematical framework for non-stationary fitness functions which enables the exact definition of certain problem properties. The properties’ influence on the severity of the dynamics is analyzed and discussed. Various different classes of dynamic problems are identified based on the properties. Eventually, for an exemplary model search space and a (1, λ)-strategy...

In recent years several authors have obtained limit theorems for Ln, the location of the rightmost particle in a supercritical branching random walk but all of these results have been proved under the assumption that the offspring distribution has (p(O)=.fexp(Ox)dF(x)0. In this paper we investigate what happens when there is a slowly varying function K so that 1-F(x)~x-qK(x) as x...

Genetic variation and inheritance of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in female grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and male bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and their F1 offspring hybrid have been studied. For this purpose, genomic DNA was extracted from muscle tissue according to phenol-chloroform method, and six decamer primers were used for amplifying polymorphic ...

I want to offer a new approach to the history of American ethnic intermarriage--to ask new questions and exploit newly available evidence. Intermarriage patterns have always been important in this country, but in present-day America there is a renewed attention to such patterns, for two reasons. First, new waves of immigrants lead observers to ask whether or not the future of American ethnic li...

Basic concept of managing knowledge is not a new one, even though knowledge management is a new discipline it has emerged only recently and, given its newness is still developing its theoretical home. Knowledge management has always been conducted in one way or another, e.g. apprenticeships, colleagues chatting or a parent handing over her/his business to the offspring. E-learning is one of the...

We show that an infinite Galton-Watson tree, conditioned on its martingale limit being smaller than ε, converges as ε ↓ 0 in law to the regular μ-ary tree, where μ is the essential minimum of the offspring distribution. This gives an example of entropic repulsion where the limit has no entropy.