Many studies have investigated genotoxic effects of high Se diets but very few have addressed the genotoxicity of Se deprivation and its consequences in germ cells and none in somatic cells. To address these data gaps, C57BL/6 male mice were subjected to Se deprivation starting in the parental generation, i.e. before conception. Mice were given a diet of either low (0.01mg Se/kg diet) or normal...

Dyshomeostasis of transition metals iron and copper as well as accumulation of oxidative DNA damage have been implicated in multitude of human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. These metals oxidize DNA bases by generating reactive oxygen species. Most oxidized bases in mammalian genomes are repaired via the base excision repair pathway, initiated wit...

The functional polymorphism Ser326Cys (rs1052133) in the human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) gene has been implicated in bladder cancer risk. However, reports of this association between the Ser326Cys polymorphism and bladder cancer risk are conflicting. In order to help clarify this relationship, we made a meta-analysis of seven case-control studies, summing 2521 cases and 2408 con...

To gain an atomistic-level understanding on physical and chemical processes occurring at the interfaces of hypergolic propellants, we carried out the first reactive dynamic (ReaxFF) simulations to study the reactive hypergolic mixture of monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and dinitrogen tetroxide (NTO), in comparison with the ethanol (EtOH) and NTO mixture that is reactive but nonhypergolic. Our studies...

Nine macaque monkeys were injected on two occasions with either 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg of monomethylhydrazine (MMH). Operant task performance was measured, and clinical symptoms were noted. No difference in performance resulted from the two dosage levels, but there was a greater incidence of clinical symptoms in those subjects exposed to 5.0 mg/kg. In over half the cases a performance decrement prece...

CONTEXT Known polymorphisms of DNA repair genes can be associated with the risk of many types of cancer. There is no consensus regarding association between XRCC1 and OGG1 with breast cancer (BC). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to collect relevant published studies systematically. DATA SOURCES Sixty-two publications were identified through searching PubMed, PubMed Central, ISI web of k...

Background: NO is an important cellular signaling molecule which is derived from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the effects of NOS signaling in lung injury is conflicting. The present study was designed to observe the effect of NOS and Arginase signaling in the occurrence and development of lung injury and its mechanism. Methods: An ozone-stressed lung injury animal model was est...

DNA repair has long been considered impossible in human spermatozoa due to the high level of DNA compaction observed in these cells. However, detailed examination of the base excision repair pathway in human spermatozoa has revealed the presence of an enzyme critical to this pathway, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). This glycosylase was associated with the sperm nucleus and mitochondria a...

PURPOSE To determine if there is increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) damage with age in the lenses of rats. We also explored the immunolocalization of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and AP endonuclease 1 (APE1) in the lens and studied three of the predominant base excision repair (BER) enzymes: OGG1, APE1, and DNA polymerase gamma (Polgamma). METHODS The methods ...

BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphisms of DNA repair enzymes in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, may lead to genetic instability and lung cancer carcinogenesis. We investigated the interactions among the gene polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and lung cancer. METHODS We analyzed associations among OGG1 Ser326Cys and MUTYH Gln324His gene polymorphisms in relation to lung cancer risk using PCR...