The island of Curacao in the Netherlands Antilles lies 60 miles north of northwestern Venezuela. The island is 38 miles long and 7 miles wide at its broadest point, 2tëmiles at the narrowest. The population is roughly 120,000; 75% are locally born negroid. Autopsy records for the period 1936-1960 showed esophageal cancer to be the most com mon malignant tumor for both men and women among these...

One of the most critical activities in a refinery is the scheduling of loading and unloading of crude oil. Better analysis of this activity gives rise to better use of a system's resources, as well as control of the entire supply chain. It is important that the crude oil is loaded and unloaded contiguously, primarily for security reasons (e.g. possibility of system failures) but also to reduce ...

OBJECTIVES To examine the efficacy of routine examination of multiple causes of death occurring on death certificates in cohort studies, with an example from the oil industry. METHODS The underlying and multiple causes were coded for all notified deaths from a cohort of 35,000 men employed at eight oil refineries in the United Kingdom. Matrices of the frequencies of underlying causes by contr...

In spite of large and increasing efforts to control major accident risk, a number of serious accidents over the last few years have shown that control still is not sufficient in some cases. Examples of such accidents within the chemical process and oil and gas industries are Flixborough Disaster, Bhopal Disaster, Piper Alpha Disaster, Phillips 66 Disaster, Sodegaura Refinery Disaster, DSM Chemi...

Multiproduct pipelines permit to transport large volumes of a wide range of refined petroleum products from major supply sources to distribution centers near market areas. Batches of refined products and grades are pumped back-to-back in the same pipeline, often without any separation device between batches. The sequence and lengths of such pumping runs should be carefully selected in order to ...

The rapid increase of palm oil (PO) production in the last 20 years has made it the most important oil in the world. By year 2007, the annual global production of PO reached 40 million metric tons. Currently, Malaysia accounts for almost 50% of world palm oil production. As most of natural oils, PO has only a limited application in their original form, as a consequence of its complex chemical c...

This paper presents a novel, intelligent controller to support mobility in wireless sensor networks. In particular, the focus is on the deployment of such mobility solution to critical applications, like personnel safety in an industrial environment. A Fuzzy Logic-based mobility controller is proposed to aid sensor Mobile Nodes (MN) to decide whether they have to trigger the handoff procedure a...

The greenhouse gas emission intensity of refining lower quality petroleum was estimated from fuel combustion for energy used by operating plants to process crude oils of varying quality. Refinery crude feed, processing, yield, and fuel data from four regions accounting for 97% of U.S. refining capacity from 1999 to 2008 were compared among regions and years for effects on processing and energy ...

Five common and widely consumed Nigerian leafy vegetables Talinumtriangulare (waterleaf), Amaranthusviridis(African spinach), Ocimumgratissimum(scent leaf), Vernoniaamygdalina (bitterleaf) and Telferiaoccidentalis(pumpkin leaf) collected from Ekpan around the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) refinery were digested and analyzed for trace metal distribution in the leaves and roots u...